Coatings containing polymer modified enzyme for stable self-cleaning of organic stains
Bioactive coatings that are stabilized against inactivation by weathering are provided including a base associated with a chemically modified enzyme, and, optionally a first polyoxyethylene present in the base and independent of the enzyme. The coatings are optionally overlayered onto a substrate to form an active coating facilitating the removal of organic stains or organic material from food, insects, or the environment.
1. A water-stabilized bioactive coating composition comprising:
a base;
an enzyme associated with said base;
said enzyme associated with one or more of branched eight-arm polyoxyethylene to form a chemically modified enzyme; and
a first polyoxyethylene associated with said base, said first polyoxyethylene independent of said enzyme; wherein said base, said enzyme, and said first polyoxyethylene form a water-stabilized active coating composition.
2. The coating composition of claim 1 wherein said enzyme is associated with one or more polymeric moieties to form a chemically modified enzyme.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein said polymeric moiety is at least one molecule of a second polyoxyethylene.
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein said first polyoxyethylene and said second polyoxyethylene have equal polymers of oxyethylene.
5. The composition of claim 3 wherein said second polyoxyethylene is covalently attached to said enzyme via an intermediate urethane linkage.
6. The composition of claim 3 wherein said second polyoxyethylene is a branched molecule.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein said enzyme is a hydrolase.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein said hydrolase is a bacterial neutral thermolysin-like-protease, an amylase, a lipase, or combinations thereof.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein said first polyoxyethylene has a molecular weight between 1,000 and 15,000 Daltons.
10. A process of stabilizing the activity of an enzyme against water weathering in a coating composition by forming the coating of claim 1 comprising:
associating one or more polymeric moieties of branched eight-arm polyoxyethylene with an enzyme to form a chemically modified enzyme; and
dispersing said chemically modified enzyme in a base to form a water-stabilized active coating material.
11. The process of claim 10 wherein said dispersing results in protein particles with an average particle diameter from 1 nanometer to 5 micrometers.
12. The process of claim 10 further comprising coating a substrate with said active coating material such that said enzyme is capable of enzymatically degrading a component of an organic stain in contact with said active coating material.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein said enzyme is an amylase and the surface activity of said coating is 0.01 units/cm 2 or greater.
14. The process of claim 10 wherein said enzyme is a hydrolase.