MiR-29-based methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

1. A method of predicting chemotherapy treatment failure risk in a subject with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), comprising:

a) obtaining a test sample from subject having, or suspected of having AML, wherein the sample is extracted from at least one of: blood, bone marrow, and tissue suspected of having leukemic cells,

b) measuring the level of miR-29 gene product in the test sample by conducting laboratory analysis of the sample so as to obtain physical data regarding the expression level of miR-29 gene product in the sample,

c) comparing the level of miR-29 gene product in the test sample relative to a control level of miR-29 gene product, and

d) predicting the subject's chemotherapy treatment failure risk,

wherein, if the level of miR-29 gene product in the test sample is low relative to the control level of miR-29 gene product, the subject is predicted to have a high chemotherapy treatment failure risk.

2. A method of claim 1 , wherein the miR-29 gene product is miR-29b gene product.

3. A method of claim 1 , wherein the miR-29 gene product is miR-29c gene product.

4. A method of claim 1 , wherein the chemotherapy is idarubicin.

5. A method of claim 1 , wherein the chemotherapy is cytarabine.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the measuring of the at least miR-29 gene product in the test sample is carried out by analyzing the test sample with a microarray and/or Northern blot electrophoretic device.

7. A method of diagnosing whether a subject with AML has chemotherapy treatment induction failure, comprising:

a) obtaining a test sample from subject having AML, wherein the sample is extracted from at least one of: blood, bone marrow, and tissue suspected of having leukemic cells,

b) measuring the level of miR-29 gene product in a test sample from a subject with AML by conducting laboratory analysis of the sample so as to obtain physical data regarding the expression level of miR-29 gene product in the sample,

c) comparing the level of miR-29 gene product in the test sample relative to a control level of miR-29 gene product, and

d) predicting the subject's chemotherapy induction treatment failure,

wherein, if the level of miR-29 gene product in the test sample is low relative to the control level of miR-29 gene product, the subject is predicted to have a high chemotherapy treatment failure.

8. A method of claim 7 , wherein the miR-29 gene product is miR-29b gene product.

9. A method of claim 7 , wherein the miR-29 gene product is miR-29c gene product.

10. A method of claim 7 , wherein the chemotherapy is idarubicin.

11. A method of claim 7 , wherein the chemotherapy is cytarabine.

12. A method of determining the prognosis of a subject with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), comprising: measuring a level of at least one miR-29b gene product in a test sample derived from blood or marrow from the subject, conducting laboratory analysis of the test sample so as to obtain physical data regarding the expression level of at least one miR-29b gene product in the sample, comparing the level of at least one miR-29b gene product in a test sample to a control, and predicting adverse prognosis and chemotherapy treatment induction failure in the subject with AML if a decrease in the level of the miR-29b gene product in the test sample, relative to control levels of miR-29b gene product, is detected.

13. A method of claim 12 , wherein the chemotherapy is idarubicin.

14. A method of claim 12 , wherein the chemotherapy is cytarabine.

15. A method of determining the prognosis of a subject with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), comprising: measuring a level of at least one miR-29c gene product in a test sample derived from blood or marrow from the subject, conducting laboratory analysis of the test sample so as to obtain physical data regarding the expression level of at least one miR-29c gene product in the sample, comparing the level of at least one miR-29c gene product in a test sample to a control, and predicting adverse prognosis and chemotherapy treatment induction failure in the subject with AML if a decrease in the level of the miR-29c gene product in the test sample, relative to control levels of miR-29c gene product, is detected.

16. A method of diagnosing whether a subject has, or is at risk for developing, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an adverse prognosis, comprising:

(1) reverse transcribing at least one miR-29b RNA from a test sample obtained from the subject's blood or bone marrow to provide a set of target oligodeoxynucleotides;

(2) hybridizing the target oligodeoxynucleotides to a microarray comprising miR-29b miRNA-specific probe oligonucleotides to provide a hybridization profile for the test sample; and

(3) comparing the test sample hybridization profile to a hybridization profile generated from a control sample;

(4) diagnosing the subject as either having, or being at risk for developing, AML with an adverse prognosis if there is a decrease in the signal of at least one miR-29b miRNA compared to control levels of miR-29b gene product.

17. A method of diagnosing whether a subject has, or is at risk for developing, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an adverse prognosis, comprising:

(1) reverse transcribing at least one miR-29c RNA from a test sample obtained from the subject's blood or bone marrow to provide a set of target oligodeoxynucleotides;

(2) hybridizing the target oligodeoxynucleotides to a microarray comprising miR-29c miRNA-specific probe oligonucleotides to provide a hybridization profile for the test sample; and

(3) comparing the test sample hybridization profile to a hybridization profile generated from a control sample;

(4) diagnosing the subject as either having, or being at risk for developing, AML with an adverse prognosis if there is a decrease in the signal of at least one miR-29c miRNA compared to control levels of miR-29c gene product.