Method of selective separation of semiconducting carbon nanotubes, dispersion of semiconducting carbon nanotubes, and electronic device including carbon nanotubes separated by using the method
According to example embodiments, a method includes dispersing carbon nanotubes in a mixed solution containing a solvent, the carbon nanotubes, and a dispersant, the carbon nanotubes including semiconducting carbon nanotubes, the dispersant comprising a polythiophene derivative including a thiophene ring and a hydrocarbon sidechain linked to the thiophene ring. The hydrocarbon sidechain includes an alkyl group containing a carbon number of 7 or greater. The hydrocarbon sidechain may be regioregularly arranged, and the semiconducting carbon nanotubes are selectively separated from the mixed solution. An electronic device includes semiconducting carbon nanotubes and the foregoing described polythiophene derivative.
1. A method comprising:
dispersing carbon nanotubes in a mixed solution containing a solvent, the carbon nanotubes, and a dispersant,
the carbon nanotubes including semiconducting carbon nanotubes,
the dispersant comprising a polythiophene derivative including a thiophene ring and a hydrocarbon sidechain linked to the thiophene ring,
the hydrocarbon sidechain including an alkyl group containing a carbon number of 8 or greater, and the hydrocarbon sidechain being regioregularly arranged;
selectively separating the semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution, wherein
the polythiophene derivative includes a structure represented by Formula 1 below:
wherein R is the alkyl group and n is an integer greater than 1 and less, than or equal to 40,000,
R is a C8 to C50 alkyl group,
R1 and R2 are each independently one of hydrogen, halogen, methyl, and halomethyl, and
the selectively separating the semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution comprises separating a supernatant containing the dispersed semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution by centrifugation.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by one of Formulae 2, 3, and 4, below:
wherein s, t, and u are each independently an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to 40,000.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by Formula 3.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by Formula 4.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by one of Formulae 5, 6, and 7 below:
wherein p, q, and r are each independently an integer from 1 to 10,000.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by Formula 6.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the polythiophene derivative is represented by Formula 7.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 3 nm or less.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes have a diameter of about 0.7 nm to about 3 nm.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and bundled carbon nanotubes or combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the carbon nanotubes have a solubility of less than about 10 mg/L in the organic solvent.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the organic solvent includes at least one of chloroform, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, decalin, mesitylene, hexane, and tetrahydrofuran.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of dispersant to carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is about 10:1 to about 1:10.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the dispersant in the mixed solution is from about 0.1 mg/ml to about 1 mg/ml, based on a total volume of the solvent.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is from about 0.01 mg/ml to about 1 mg/ml, based on a total volume of the solvent.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is performed at a temperature of about −40° C. to about 90° C.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is performed at a temperature of about −20° C. to about 90° C.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is performed at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 80° C.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the mixed solution is performed at a temperature of about 40° C. to about 70° C.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the semiconducting carbon nanotubes in the supernatant is 75 wt % or greater, based on the total weight of the carbon nanotubes.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the semiconducting carbon nanotubes in the supernatant is 99 wt % or greater, based on the total weight of the carbon nanotubes.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the semiconducting carbon nanotubes in the supernatant is 99.5 wt % or greater, based on the total weight of the carbon nanotubes.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the semiconducting carbon nanotubes in the supernatant is 99.9 wt % or greater of the total carbon nanotubes.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon number in the alkyl group is 10 or greater.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein R is a C10 to C50 alkyl group.
27. A method comprising:
dispersing carbon nanotubes in a mixed solution containing a solvent, the carbon nanotubes, and a dispersant,
the carbon nanotubes including semiconducting carbon nanotubes and metallic carbon nanotubes,
the dispersant comprising a polythiophene derivative including a thiophene ring and a hydrocarbon sidechain linked to the thiophene ring,
the hydrocarbon sidechain including an alkyl group containing a carbon number of 8 or greater, and the hydrocarbon sidechain being regioregularly arranged;
selectively separating the semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution to form a different solution that has a higher ratio of the semiconducting carbon nanotubes to the metallic carbon nanotubes than the mixed solution and is separate from the mixed solution, wherein
the polythiophene derivative includes a structure represented by Formula 1 below:
wherein R is the alkyl group and n is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to 40,000, and
R1 and R2 are each independently one of hydrogen, halogen, methyl, and halomethyl.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein
the selectively separating the semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution comprises separating a supernatant containing the dispersed semiconducting carbon nanotubes from the mixed solution by centrifugation, and
the supernatant is the different solution.