Rotor blade with bonded cover
An airfoil comprises an airfoil body with an internal cavity and inner and outer covers. The airfoil body defines a first major surface of the airfoil, and a rib extends along the internal cavity. The inner cover is bonded to the airfoil body over the internal cavity, and includes a coupling element extending along the internal cavity in cooperative engagement with the rib. The outer cover is bonded to the airfoil body over the inner cover, and defines a second major surface of the airfoil.
1. An airfoil comprising:
an airfoil body defining a first major surface of the airfoil;
a first internal cavity in the airfoil body, opposite the first major surface;
a second internal cavity in the airfoil body, opposite the first major surface;
a rib extending along and between the first and second internal cavities;
an inner cover bonded to the airfoil body over only a portion of the first and second internal cavities, the inner cover comprising a first coupling element extending along the first internal cavity in cooperative engagement with the rib; and
an outer cover bonded to the airfoil body over the inner cover and positioned over the first and second cavities, the outer cover defining a second major surface of the airfoil.
2. The airfoil of claim 1 , further comprising adhesive for bonding the inner cover to the airfoil body and for bonding the outer cover to the inner cover.
3. The airfoil of claim 2 , wherein the first coupling element provides shear stress relief for the adhesive during operation of the airfoil.
4. The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the inner cover comprises a corrugated stiffener spaced from the rib along the first internal cavity.
5. The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the first coupling element is formed of a sheet, the sheet comprising:
a side section extending transversely to the inner cover;
a bend connected to the side section; and
a lateral section connected to the bend and extending along the inner cover;
wherein the side section in cooperative engagement with a corresponding side of the rib.
6. The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the first coupling element comprises a retainer forming a mechanical coupling in cooperative engagement with an inwardly tapered side of the rib.
7. The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the airfoil body defines a concave surface of the airfoil and the outer cover defines a convex surface of the airfoil.
8. The airfoil of claim 1 , wherein the outer cover extends over an entirety of the first internal cavity and an entirety of the second internal cavity.
9. The airfoil of claim 1 , and further comprising:
a second coupling element extending along the second internal cavity in cooperative engagement with the rib.
10. A blade comprising:
an airfoil body defining a first flow surface, the airfoil body comprising a first cavity formed opposite the first flow surface, a second cavity formed opposite the first flow surface, and a rib extending along and between the first and second cavities;
an inner cover bonded to the airfoil body over only a portion of the first and second cavities, the inner cover having a coupling element with a side section extending transversely to the inner cover, the side section engaged with a corresponding side of the rib; and
an outer cover bonded to the airfoil body over the inner cover and positioned over the first and second cavities, the outer cover defining a second flow surface opposite the first flow surface.
11. The blade of claim 10 , further comprising adhesive bonds between the inner cover and the airfoil body and between the outer cover and the inner cover.
12. The blade of claim 11 , wherein the coupling element reduces shear stress on the adhesive bonds in operation of the rotor blade.
13. The blade of claim 10 , wherein the inner cover comprises a corrugated stiffener spaced from the rib along the first cavity.
14. The blade of claim 10 , wherein the first flow surface comprises a pressure surface and the second flow surface comprises a suction surface.
15. The blade of claim 10 , wherein the coupling element is formed of a sheet, the sheet comprising:
a side section extending transversely to the inner cover;
a bend connected to the side section; and
a lateral section connected to the bend and extending along the inner cover;
wherein the side section in cooperative engagement with a corresponding side of the rib.
16. A rotor blade comprising:
a forging defined along a first major surface of the rotor blade;
ribs formed in the forging, the ribs defining a plurality of internal cavities therebetween;
an inner cover adhered to the forging over only a portion of the plurality of internal cavities, the inner cover having retention elements extending along the internal cavities in mechanical engagement with the ribs; and
an outer cover adhered to the forging over the inner cover and positioned over the first and second cavities, the outer cover defining a second major surface of the rotor blade, opposite the first major surface of the rotor blade.
17. The rotor blade of claim 16 , wherein the retention elements each comprise:
a side section extending transversely to the inner cover;
a bend connected to the side section; and
a lateral section connected to the bend and extending along the inner cover;
wherein the side section in cooperative engagement with a corresponding side of one of the ribs.
18. The rotor blade of claim 16 , wherein the retention elements comprise hook or catch features mechanically coupled to the ribs.
19. The rotor blade of claim 16 , wherein the inner cover comprises corrugated stiffening features spaced from the ribs along the plurality of internal cavities.
20. The rotor blade of claim 16 , wherein the inner cover comprises stiffeners having side surfaces transverse to the inner cover, the side surfaces spaced from the ribs along the plurality of internal cavities.