Products produced from rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks
The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock that utilizes a short residence pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that cracks and chemically upgrades the feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the preparation of a partially upgraded feedstock exhibiting reduced viscosity and increased API gravity. This process selectively removes metals, salts, water and nitrogen from the feedstock, while at the same time maximizes the yield of the liquid product, and minimizes coke and gas production. Furthermore, this process reduces the viscosity of the feedstock in order to permit pipeline transport, if desired, of the upgraded feedstock with little or no addition of diluents.
1. A method of producing a vacuum gas oil (VGO), comprising
I) upgrading bitumen by a method comprising:
i) providing a particulate heat carrier into an upflow reactor;
ii) introducing the bitumen into the upflow reactor at at least one location above that of the particulate heat carrier so that a loading ratio of the particulate heat carrier to the bitumen is from about 10:1 to about 200:1, wherein the upflow reactor is run at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 700° C.;
iii) allowing the bitumen to interact with the heat carrier with a residence time of less than about 5 seconds, to produce a product stream;
iv) separating the product stream from the particulate heat carrier;
v) regenerating the particulate heat carrier; and
vi) collecting a gaseous and liquid product from the product stream, wherein the liquid product exhibits an increased API gravity, a reduced pour point, reduce viscosity and a reduced level of contaminants over that of the feedstock, and
II) isolating the VGO from the liquid product, wherein the VGO is characterized as comprising a measured analine point from about 110° F. to about 170° F., wherein the measured analine point is lower than a calculated analine point.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises recycling the regenerated particulate heat carrier to the upflow reactor.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VGO is suitable for FCC and comprises about 38% mono-aromatics plus thiophene aromatics.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VGO collected from the liquid product is provided at a yield greater than 80% by volume relative to the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VGO has a viscosity that is at least 25 times lower than that of the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the VGO has an API gravity of at least about 14.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid product is collected from the product stream by cooling the product stream to less than 400 C. and then passing the resulting vapor stream through a secondary condensor.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid product is a stable liquid product having no significant change in viscosity, API, or density after 30 days.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid product has a viscosity of 25.6 to 200 cSt at 40 C.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the API of the VGO is increased by hydrotreating.