Method for pairwise sequencing of target polynucleotides
The invention relates to methods for pairwise sequencing of a double-stranded polynucleotide template, which methods result in the sequential determination of nucleotide sequences in two distinct and separate regions of the polynucleotide template. Using the methods of the invention it is possible to obtain two linked or paired reads of sequence information from each double-stranded template on a clustered array, rather than just a single sequencing read from one strand of the template.
1. A method for pairwise sequencing of first and second regions of target polynucleotides, wherein each target polynucleotide comprises a first and second strand, the method comprising:
(a) providing a solid support comprising immobilized first strands of the target polynucleotides;
(b) sequencing the first region of the first strands of the target polynucleotides using a sequencing primer in solution;
(c) copying the first strands of the target polynucleotides thereby generating the second strands of the target polynucleotides; and
(d) sequencing the second region of the second strands of the target polynucleotides, wherein determining the sequence of the first and second regions of the target polynucleotides achieves pairwise sequencing of the first and second regions of the target polynucleotides.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first strands are removed prior to step (d).
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein removal comprises removing a portion of each of the first strands.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the removal is carried out by nicking the first strands followed by digesting the first strands.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target polynucleotides further comprise a tag.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising sequencing the tag.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the tag is sequenced after step (b).
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first and second regions are located at the ends of the target polynucleotides.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sequencing comprises extension of a sequencing primer with labeled nucleotides.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the support is a planar solid support.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out on an apparatus.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first strands comprise a cleavage site that allows for controlled cleavage of the first strands.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein step (d) is carried out by cleavage and the cleavage occurs by chemical, enzymatic or photochemical means.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first strand is treated to free a 3 ′ hydroxyl moiety that can be used as an extension primer.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copying is carried out after step (b).
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the copying comprises extending the nucleotides incorporated as part of the sequencing.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sequencing is carried out by pyrosequencing, massively parallel signature sequencing, or sequencing-by-ligation.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sequencing in step (d) is carried out using an immobilized primer.
19. A method for paired end sequencing of first and second regions of target polynucleotides, wherein each target polynucleotide comprises a first and second strand, the method comprising:
(a) providing a support comprising immobilized single-stranded first strands of the target polynucleotides;
(b) sequencing the first region of the single-stranded first strands of the target polynucleotides;
(c) copying at least a portion of the first strands to generate the second region of the second strands of the target polynucleotides;
(d) sequencing the second region of the second strands of the target polynucleotides, wherein determining the sequence of the first and second regions of the target polynucleotides achieves paired end sequencing of the first and second regions of the target polynucleotides.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein step (b) comprising hybridizing a sequencing primer to the first strands and extending the sequencing primer to generate an extended sequencing primer.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein step (c) is carried out by further extending the extended sequencing primer to generate the second region of the second strands of the target polynucleotides.
22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the first strands are removed prior to step (d).
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the first strands are removed by nicking and digesting the first strands.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein removal comprises removing a portion of each of the first strands.
25. The method of claim 22 , wherein the first strands comprise a cleavage site that allows for controlled cleavage of the first strands.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein step (d) is carried out by cleavage and the cleavage occurs by chemical, enzymatic or photochemical means.
27. The method of claim 20 , wherein the sequencing primer is a sequencing primer in solution.
28. The method of claim 19 , wherein the sequencing in step (d) is carried out using an immobilized primer.
29. The method of claim 19 , wherein the target polynucleotides further comprise a tag.
30. The method of claim 29 , further comprising sequencing the tag.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the tag is sequenced after step (b).
32. The method of claim 19 , wherein the first and second regions are located at the ends of the target polynucleotides.
33. The method of claim 19 , wherein the sequencing comprises extension of a sequencing primer with labeled nucleotides.
34. The method of claim 19 , wherein the support is a planar solid support.
35. The method of claim 19 , wherein the method is carried out on an apparatus.
36. The method of claim 19 , wherein the sequencing is carried out by pyrosequencing, massively parallel signature sequencing, or sequencing-by-ligation.