CHEMICAL GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE REDUCER
A method for deploying a shape memory polymer includes disposing a shape memory polymer having a deformed shape in an environment at a first temperature, the shape memory polymer having a first glass transition temperature which is greater than the first temperature. The method also includes decreasing the glass transition temperature of shape memory polymer from the first glass transition temperature to a second glass transition temperature which is less than or equal to the first temperature; and expanding the shape memory polymer to deploy the shape memory polymer in a deployed shape.
1 . A method for deploying a shape memory polymer, comprising:
disposing a shape memory polymer having a deformed shape in an environment at a first temperature, the shape memory polymer having a first glass transition temperature which is greater than the first temperature;
decreasing the glass transition temperature of shape memory polymer from the first glass transition temperature to a second glass transition temperature which is less than or equal to the first temperature; and
expanding the shape memory polymer to deploy the shape memory polymer in a deployed shape.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the shape memory polymer includes polyurethane.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the shape memory polymer is an open cell foam.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein decreasing the glass transition temperature of the shape memory polymer comprises contacting the shape memory polymer with an activation fluid.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the activation fluid comprises a brine, solvent, and alcohol.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the brine comprises seawater, produced water, completion brine, or a combination thereof
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the brine further comprises NaCl, KCl, NaBr, MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 , CaBr 2 , ZnBr 2 , NH 4 Cl, sodium formate, potassium formate, cesium formate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
8 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the solvent includes a substituted glycol, unsubstituted glycol, amide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the solvent is a substituted glycol comprising ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the solvent is a glycol comprising ethylene glycol, propylene glycol butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the amide is N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-diethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-diethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylpropionamide, N,N-dimethylbutyramide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
12 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the alcohol includes methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, isopentanol, 2-pentanol, hexanol, octanol, isooctanol, cyclohexanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first glass transition temperature is about 100° C. to about 150° C.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second glass transition temperature is about 40° C. to about 100° C.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second glass transition temperature is about 10° C. to about 60° C. less than the first glass transition temperature.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is about 60° C. to about 100° C.
17 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after expanding the shape memory polymer, increasing the glass transition temperature of the shape memory polymer to a third glass transition which is greater than the second glass transition temperature.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the third glass transition temperature is less than or equal to the first glass transition temperature, and greater than the first temperature such that shape memory polymer maintains the deployed shape.
19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the third glass transition temperature is about 80° C. to about 150° C.
20 . A method for deploying a shape memory polymer in a downhole environment, comprising:
disposing a shape memory polymer having a deformed shape in the downhole environment which is at a first temperature;
contacting the shape memory polymer with an activation fluid to decrease the glass transition temperature of the shape memory polymer below the first temperature;
expanding the shape memory polymer to a deployed shape; and
displacing the activation fluid to increase the glass transition temperature to greater than the first temperature and to maintain the shape memory polymer in the deployed shape.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein, the activation fluid comprises a brine, solvent, and alcohol.
22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the shape memory polymer is an open cell foam comprising polyurethane.
23 . The method of claim 20 , wherein displacing the activation fluid comprises replacing the activation fluid with a production fluid.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the production fluid includes a hydrocarbon produced from the downhole environment.
25 . A system for deploying a shape memory polymer, comprising:
an activation fluid comprising a brine, solvent, and alcohol; and
a shape memory polymer which is deployed by a decrease in its glass transition temperature in response to contact with the activation fluid.
26 . The system of claim 24 , wherein the shape memory polymer is an open cell foam including polyurethane; and the shape memory polymer actuates from a deformed shape to a deployed shape.