Multi-clock PHY preamble design and detection
In a method for detecting a clock rate of a data unit, the data unit is received via a communication channel. The data unit includes i) a first preamble portion and ii) an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) portion following the first preamble portion. The OFDM portion includes a second preamble portion including one or more long training fields. Based on the first preamble portion, whether a clock rate of the OFDM portion is a first clock rate or a second clock rate lower than the first clock rate is determined based on the first preamble portion.
1. A method for detecting a clock rate of a data unit, the method comprising:
receiving the data unit via a communication channel, wherein
the data unit includes i) a first preamble portion and ii) an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) portion following the first preamble portion, and
the OFDM portion includes a second preamble portion including one or more long training fields; and
determining, based on the first preamble portion, whether a clock rate of the OFDM portion is a first clock rate or a second clock rate lower than the first clock rate.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a number of repetitions of a sequence,
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate includes performing a first autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion using a first repetition period and performing a second autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion using a second repetition period longer than the first repetition period, and
the first autocorrelation outputs a first carrier sense signal and the second autocorrelation outputs a second carrier sense signal.
3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate includes
when both the first carrier sense signal and the second carrier sense signal indicate a presence of a carrier, determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate based on at least one of i) a pulse length of the first carrier sense signal and ii) a pulse length of the second carrier sense signal.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a number of repetitions of a sequence,
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate i) includes performing an autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion, and ii) is based on a pulse length of a carrier sense signal that is output by the autocorrelation, and
the pulse length of the carrier sense signal depends on the number of repetitions of the sequence.
5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate includes
determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate when the pulse length of the carrier sense signal is in a first length range, and
determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the second clock rate when the pulse length of the carrier sense signal is in a second length range.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate includes
at least one of:
(i) processing the first preamble portion to remove a first possible cover code and generate a first processed first preamble portion, and performing an autocorrelation of at least the first processed first preamble portion using a first repetition period, and
(ii) processing the first preamble portion to remove a second possible cover code different than the first possible cover code and generate a second processed first preamble portion, and performing an autocorrelation of at least the second processed first preamble portion using a second repetition period longer than the first repetition period.
7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein
the autocorrelation of the first processed first preamble portion outputs a first carrier sense signal and the autocorrelation of the second processed first preamble portion outputs a second carrier sense signal,
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate is based on at least one of i) the first carrier sense signal and ii) the second carrier sense signal.
8. A method according to claim 7 , further comprising:
dynamically adjusting a receiver clock based on a determination of whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a synchronization field, and
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate is based on the synchronization field.
10. A method according to claim 9 , wherein determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate is based on a length of the synchronization field.
11. A method according to claim 9 , wherein determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate includes
determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate when the synchronization field includes a first repeating sequence, and
determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the second clock rate when the synchronization field includes a second repeating sequence.
12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the first repeating sequence is a Golay code sequence and the second repeating sequence is a complementary Golay code sequence.
13. A method according to claim 9 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a start frame delimiter field, and
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate is further based on the start frame delimiter field.
14. A method according to claim 9 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a start frame delimiter field, and
the one or more long training fields of the second preamble portion immediately follow the start frame delimiter field of the first preamble portion.
15. A method according to claim 1 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a synchronization field and a start frame delimiter field, and
determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate is based on the start frame delimiter field.
16. A method according to claim 1 , wherein determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate further includes determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is a third clock rate lower than the second clock rate.
17. An communication device comprising:
a network interface configured to
receive a data unit via a communication channel, wherein
the data unit includes i) a first preamble portion and ii) an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) portion following the first preamble portion, and
the OFDM portion includes a second preamble portion including one or more long training fields; and
determine, based on the first preamble portion, whether a clock rate of the OFDM portion is a first clock rate or a second clock rate lower than the first clock rate.
18. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a number of repetitions of a sequence, and
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate by
performing a first autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion using a first repetition period and performing a second autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion using a second repetition period longer than the first repetition period, wherein the first autocorrelation outputs a first carrier sense signal and the second autocorrelation outputs a second carrier sense signal, and
when both the first carrier sense signal and the second carrier sense signal indicate a presence of a carrier, determining whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate based on at least one of i) a pulse length of the first carrier sense signal and ii) a pulse length of the second carrier sense signal.
19. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a number of repetitions of a sequence, and
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate
by performing an autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion, wherein the autocorrelation of at least the first preamble portion outputs a carrier sense signal having a pulse length that depends on the number of repetitions of the sequence,
by determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate when the pulse length of the carrier sense signal is in a first length range, and
by determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the second clock rate when the pulse length of the carrier sense signal is in a second length range.
20. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate
by at least one of:
(i) processing the first preamble portion to remove a first possible cover code and generate a first processed first preamble portion, and performing an autocorrelation of at least the first processed first preamble portion using a first repetition period, and
(ii) processing the first preamble portion to remove a second possible cover code different than the first possible cover code and generate a second processed first preamble portion, and performing an autocorrelation of at least the second processed first preamble portion using a second repetition period longer than the first repetition period.
21. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a synchronization field, and
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate based on a length of the synchronization field.
22. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a synchronization field, and
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate
by determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate when the synchronization field includes a first repeating sequence, and
determining that the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the second clock rate when the synchronization field includes a second repeating sequence.
23. A communication device according to claim 17 , wherein
the first preamble portion includes a synchronization field and a start frame delimiter field, and
the network interface is configured to determine whether the clock rate of the OFDM portion is the first clock rate or the second clock rate based on the start frame delimiter field.