Method for synthesizing 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, stable ketal precursors thereof, and isotopically marked analogs
The present invention relates to a method for synthetizing a compound of the following formula (I): wherein R is a methyl or ethyl group, n is 1 or 2, and X is a CH 2 or CD 2 group, from a compound of the following formula (II): wherein R and n are as defined above, and also relates to a method for assaying the compounds of the formula (I) using a corresponding deuterated derivative as an internal reference, as well as to the use of ketal derivatives of compounds of the formula (I) as a stable precursor, in particular in a flavoring composition.
1. A compound of the following formula (IVa):
wherein:
R is a methyl or ethyl group,
n is 1,
X is a CH 2 or CD 2 group,
A represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, and
R 1 and R 2 represent, independently from each other, a (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl group, or R 1 and R 2 taken together form a —(CH 2 ) p — chain connecting the atoms A carrying them, where p is 2 or 3.
2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein it is selected from:
3. A flavoring composition comprising a compound of the formula (IVa) as defined in claim 1 , in which X═CH 2 .
4. A method for flavoring a food product by adding a compound of the formula (IVa) as defined in claim 1 , in which X═CH 2 , to said food product, and forming a compound of the formula Ib to achieve said flavoring, wherein the compound (IVa) undergoes acid hydrolysis followed by oxidation in contact with air, resulting in the formation of the compound (Ib)
wherein:
R is methyl or ethyl group, and
n is 1.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the compound of the formula (IVa) is the compound of the formula:
6. A method for preparing a compound of the formula (IVa) as defined in claim 1 , comprising the following series of steps:
(a2) protecting in the form of a ketal the exocyclic carbonyl function of a compound of the formula (II),
to provide a compound of the formula (IIIa),
and
(b2) reducing the compound of formula (IIIa) obtained from the previous step in the presence of hydride or deuteride ions, to provide a compound of the formula (IVa),
wherein for formulae (II), (IIIa) and (IVa)
R is a methyl or ethyl group,
n is 1,
A represents an oxygen or sulfur atom,
R 1 and R 2 represent, independently from each other, a (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl group, or R 1 and R 2 taken together form a —(CH 2 ) p — form a chain connecting atoms A carrying them, where p is 2 or 3, and
X is a CH 2 or CD 2 group.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the compound of the formula (II) is prepared from a compound of the formula (VI),
by a Dakin-West reaction in the presence of an anhydride of the formula (RCO) 2 O, where R is a methyl or ethyl group and n is 1, followed by an alkaline treatment.
8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the compound of the formula (IVa) is selected from:
9. The flavoring composition according to claim 3 , wherein the compound of formula (IVa) is
10. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the compound of the formula (Ib) is formed in a time-controlled manner.
11. The method according to claim 6 , wherein step b2) is carried out in the presence of LiAlH 4 or LiAlD 4 .