Influenza C virus and vaccine
A novel influenza C virus with only low homology to any influenza C virus previously characterized. Challenge studies show that the virus can infect pigs and be transmitted between pigs. Additionally, influenza C is commonly thought of as a human pathogen and serological studies have been performed, looking at the incidence of antibodies against this virus in both pigs and humans. Approximately 10% of pigs and 30% of humans have antibodies to this virus. Additional experimental data show that the virus can infect and transmit in ferrets (a surrogate for human infection studies). In a third aspect, the present invention is the partial genome of this novel influenza C virus. In another aspect, the present invention is a method of detection in animals of this novel influenza C virus.
1. A vaccine for protecting a mammal against infection by an influenza C virus, comprising an acceptable carrier, an immunologically effective amount of a binary ethyleneimine-inactivated swine influenza C virus and an oil in water adjuvant; and
wherein the virus comprises at least one nucleic acid molecule encoding eight influenza C polypeptides (PB1, PB2, P3, HE, NP, M, NS1 and NS2) having the sequences as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 18.
2. The vaccine of claim 1 , wherein the isolated strain of influenza C virus was isolated from a pig.
3. The vaccine of claim 2 , wherein said isolated strain of influenza C virus is capable of infecting a ferret.
4. The vaccine of claim 2 , wherein said vaccine protects pigs against infection by said isolated strain of influenza C virus.
5. The vaccine of claim 1 , wherein the oil in water adjuvant is present in an amount of about 10%.
6. The vaccine of claim 1 or 5 , wherein the adjuvant is present in an amount of 10%.
7. The vaccine of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or combinations thereof.
8. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 4.
9. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 6.
10. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 8.
11. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 10.
12. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 12.
13. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 14.
14. The vaccine of claim 7 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises SEQ ID NO: 16.