Toxicity typing using liver stem cells
This invention provides methods and systems for identifying and typing toxicity of chemical compositions, as well as for screening new compositions for toxicity. The invention involves detecting alterations in gene or protein expression and hence establishing molecular profiles in isolated mammalian LSCs contacted with various chemical compositions of known and unknown toxicities, and correlating the molecular profiles with toxicities of the chemical compositions.
1. A first pass method of predicting the type of toxicity of a chemical composition of unknown toxicity, the method comprising the steps of:
a) contacting an isolated population of mammalian liver stem cells (LSCs) with the chemical composition of unknown toxicity;
b) creating a molecular profile identifying the alterations in protein expression in the population of LSCs contacted with the chemical composition of unknown toxicity compared to LSCs in contact with culture medium only;
c) comparing the molecular profile of LSCs contacted with the chemical compound of unknown toxicity to sets of commonly altered proteins identified from two or more molecular profiles of two or more isolated populations of LSCs wherein each isolated population of LSCs is contacted with one chemical composition of known toxicity, wherein the sets of commonly altered proteins of the chemical compositions having known liver toxicity have been identified by
i) contacting each of the two or more isolated populations of mammalian LSCs with one of the chemical compositions having known liver toxicity,
ii) creating molecular profiles identifying the alterations in protein expression for each of the two or more populations of LSCs contacted with each of the chemical compositions of known toxicity compared to LSCs in contact with culture medium only, and
iii) comparing molecular profiles for known chemical compounds of similar types of toxicity to identify sets of commonly altered proteins for the chemical compounds of similar type of toxicity; and
d) predicting toxicity of the chemical composition of unknown toxicity wherein common alterations in protein expressions between the sets of commonly altered proteins for chemical compounds of similar types of toxicity and the molecular profile from the LSCs contacted with the compound of unknown toxicity indicate the potential correlation of toxicity between the two.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein levels of protein expression are detected by a label directly or indirectly coupled to the protein.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the label is selected from the group consisting of a fluorescent, a colorimetric, a radioactive, an enzyme, an enzyme substrate, a magnetic, a glass, a latex bead, a colloidal gold, and an electronic transponder.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alterations in protein expression are detected by an immunoactivity assay.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alterations in protein expression are detected by a mass spectrometry assay.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LSCs are of human origin.
7. The method of claim 6 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agents that are toxic to cells of one or more reproductive organs, teratogenic agents and carcinogens.
8. The method of claim 6 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and environmental contaminants.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LSCs are of non-human mammalian origin.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the non-human mammals are rodents.
11. The method of claim 9 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agents that are toxic to cells of one or more reproductive organs, teratogenic agents and carcinogens.
12. The method of claim 9 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and environmental contaminants.
13. A method of generating a library of molecular profiles comprising two or more molecular profiles, wherein each molecular profile is from an isolated population of LSCs contacted with a chemical composition having a known liver toxicity, wherein the molecular profiles are created by the method comprising
a) contacting each isolated population of LSCs with one chemical composition having known liver toxicity, wherein each population of LSCs is contacted with one chemical composition,
b) creating a molecular profile identifying the alterations in protein expression in the population of LSCs contacted with the chemical compositions compared to LSCs in contact with culture medium only,
c) identifying sets of commonly altered proteins of step b) within molecular profiles from LSCs contacted with chemical compounds of similar type of known toxicity,
d) compiling a library of the molecular profiles; wherein the library is in a computer readable media for use in a computer.
14. A systematic method of typing toxicity of a test chemical composition, the method comprising the steps of:
a) contacting an isolated population of mammalian LSCs with the chemical composition of unknown toxicity;
b) creating a molecular profile identifying the alterations in gene expression in the population of LSCs contacted with the chemical composition of unknown toxicity compared to LSCs in contact with culture medium only; and
c) comparing the molecular profile in step b) with the library of molecular profiles of LSCs contacted with the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities generated by the method of claim 13 ;
wherein the type of toxicity of the chemical composition of unknown toxicity is predicted by correlating common alterations in molecular profiles from LSCs contacted with the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities and unknown toxicities identified from the comparison in step c).
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the chemical composition of unknown toxicity is a known or an unknown chemical compound.
16. The method of claim 14 , further wherein the LSCs are of human origin.
17. The method of claim 16 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agents that are toxic to cells of one or more reproductive organs, teratogenic agents and carcinogens.
18. The method of claim 16 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and environmental contaminants.
19. The method of claim 14 , further wherein the LSCs are of non-human mammalian origin.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the non-human mammals are rodents.
21. The method of claim 19 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agents that are toxic to cells of one or more reproductive organs, teratogenic agents and carcinogens.
22. The method of claim 19 , further wherein the chemical compositions having known liver toxicities are selected from the group consisting of agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and environmental contaminants.
23. A method of screening chemical compositions for liver toxicity preclinical animal studies, said method comprising
a) predicting the type of toxicity of the chemical composition according to the method of claim 14 ; and
b) selecting the chemical compositions of unknown toxicity for preclinical animal studies that have a potential correlation with chemical compounds that are less toxic.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the predicting is by high throughput screening.
25. The method of claim 13 , wherein the library comprises molecular profiles for at least 20 chemical compositions.