Gradual oxidation and multiple flow paths
Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.
1. A method of oxidization, comprising:
heating a first gas mixture to at least an autoignition temperature of the first gas mixture, the first gas mixture comprising an oxidant mixed with determined ranges of a low-energy-content (LEC) fuel gas and a high-energy-content (HEC) fuel gas;
injecting, after the heating, a second gas mixture of the LEC fuel gas and the HEC fuel gas, wherein the rate of injection of the LEC and HEC fuel gases into the second gas mixture is selected to produce substantially the same ratio as the ratio of LEC fuel and HEC fuel gases in the first gas mixture;
mixing the second gas mixture with the first gas mixture that has been heated, at a rate to produce a third gas mixture that is substantially homogeneous in a time less than an ignition delay time for the second gas mixture while allowing the third gas mixture to auto-ignite; and
maintaining the temperature of the third gas mixture below a flameout temperature while the third gas mixture that has auto-ignited oxidizes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first gas mixture is raised to at least the autoignition temperature by a heat exchanger.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat exchanger is positioned within a reaction chamber that maintains oxidation of the third gas mixture without a catalyst.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first gas mixture is raised to at least the autoignition temperature within a reaction chamber that maintains oxidation of the third gas mixture without a catalyst.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the reaction chamber maintains oxidation of the third gas mixture beneath a flameout temperature of the third gas mixture.
6. The method of claim 4 , further comprising expanding gas with a turbine or a piston engine that receives product gas from the reaction chamber.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first gas mixture comprises at least one of hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene, natural gas, propane, propylene, propadiene, n-butane, iso-butane, butylene-1, butadiene, iso-pentane, n-pentane, acetylene, hexane, and carbon monoxide.