Method for sealing hollow fiber membranes
The present invention is directed to a method of sealing the free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single header filtration module by dipping the end of the membrane into a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive and curing the adhesive. The invention further encompasses the resulting sealed hollow fiber membrane with a diameter that is only slightly larger than the diameter of the unsealed membrane.
1. A method for sealing a free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single-header filtration module, comprising:
inserting an unsecured first end of said membrane in a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive having a viscosity less than 5000 cps;
removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive whereby a coating of said adhesive is formed on an exterior of said unsecured first end;
after removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive, exposing said unsecured first end to a light source to cure said adhesive;
wherein said coating on the exterior of said unsecured first end after said exposing step has a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.8 mm;
securing a second unsealed end of said membrane in a header and wherein said method does not comprise a step of inserting said sealed end of said membrane in a header; and
wherein a plurality of said membranes is secured in said header such that a density of unsecured sealed first ends of greater than 70 membranes per square inch is achieved.
2. A method for sealing a free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single-header filtration module, comprising:
inserting an unsecured first end of said membrane in a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive having a viscosity less than 5000 cps,
removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive whereby a coating of said adhesive is formed on an exterior of said unsecured first end,
after removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive, exposing said unsecured first end to a light source to cure said adhesive,
wherein said coating on the exterior of said unsecured first end after said exposing step has a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.8 mm; and
securing a plurality of second unsealed ends of membranes in a header such that a density of unsecured sealed first ends of greater than 70 membranes per square inch is achieved.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said unsecured sealed first ends permit said hollow fiber membranes to move freely with respect to each other.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein said hollow fiber membranes have a diameter of approximately 2.4 mm to 2.6 mm.
5. A method for sealing a free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single-header filtration module, comprising:
inserting an unsecured first end of said membrane in a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive having a viscosity less than 5000 cps,
removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive whereby a coating of said adhesive is formed on an exterior of said unsecured first end,
after removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive, exposing said unsecured first end to a light source to cure said adhesive,
wherein said coating on the exterior of said unsecured first end after said exposing step has a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.8 mm; and
securing a plurality of second unsealed ends of membranes in a header such that a density of unsecured sealed first ends of greater than 81 membranes per square inch is achieved.
6. A method for sealing a free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single-header filtration module, comprising:
inserting an unsecured first end of said membrane in a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive having a viscosity less than 5000 cps,
removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive whereby a coating of said adhesive is formed on an exterior of said unsecured first end,
after removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive, exposing said unsecured first end to a light source to cure said adhesive,
wherein said coating on the exterior of said unsecured first end after said exposing step has a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.8 mm; and
securing a plurality of second unsealed ends of membranes in a header such that a ratio of the number of sealed first ends per square inch to the diameter of an individual membrane in inches is at least 714.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said hollow fiber membranes have a diameter of approximately 2.4 mm to 2.6 mm.
8. A method for sealing a free end of a hollow fiber membrane for use in a single-header filtration module, comprising:
inserting an unsecured first end of said membrane in a low-viscosity light-curable adhesive having a viscosity less than 5000 cps,
removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive whereby a coating of said adhesive is formed on an exterior of said unsecured first end,
after removing said unsecured first end from said adhesive, exposing said unsecured first end to a light source to cure said adhesive,
wherein said coating on the exterior of said unsecured first end after said exposing step has a thickness between 0.05 mm and 0.8 mm and wherein said unsecured first end of said membrane remains unsecured after sealing.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said adhesive has a viscosity less than 2000 cps.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said adhesive has a viscosity between 100 and 1000 cps.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said adhesive has a viscosity between 170 and 230 cps.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein said coating on the exterior of said first end after said exposing step has a diameter less than 4 mm.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein said inserting step comprises inserting said membrane into said adhesive to immerse a length of 2-10 mm of said membrane.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein said exposing step comprises exposing said first end to ultraviolet light.
15. The method of claim 8 , wherein said light source has an intensity of at least 200 mW/cm 2 .
16. The method of claim 8 , wherein said inserting step comprises inserting between two and nine membranes into said adhesive at the same time and wherein said membranes are not potted in a header during said inserting step.
17. The method of claim 8 , wherein said inserting step is automated.
18. The method of claim 8 , wherein said hollow fiber membrane has not been secured in a header on either end.
19. The method of claim 8 further comprising a step of securing a second unsealed end of said membrane in a header and wherein said method does not comprise a step of inserting said sealed end of said membrane in a header.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein said securing step is performed after said removing step.