Adhesive-coated dowel
A dowel coated with a heat-activated, B-staged formaldehyde-based resin and a related method of using the resin-coated dowel for joining separate components together.
1. An adhesive coated dowel, comprising:
a dowel substrate having an outer surface, a first end, and a second end, wherein the dowel substrate has a length of about 0.5 inches to about 3 inches and circumferentially-spaced, longitudinally extending flutes disposed therein between the first end and the second end; and
a B-staged formaldehyde-based resin coated on the outer surface of the dowel substrate, wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin is a thermosetting resin, and wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin was produced from a formaldehyde-based resin heated to a temperature of greater than 110° C. and to about 177° C.
2. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin.
3. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 2 , wherein the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with a formaldehyde to phenol (F:P) molar ratio of about 1.8 to about 2.4.
4. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 2 , wherein the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with about 0.01 mol to about 1 mol of an alkaline catalyst per mol of phenol.
5. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 4 , wherein the alkaline catalyst comprised an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, a tertiary amine, or any mixture thereof.
6. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 2 , wherein the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with about 0.1 mol to about 0.7 mol of an alkaline catalyst per mol of phenol, and wherein the alkaline catalyst comprised sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, trimethylamine, or any mixture thereof.
7. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from wood.
8. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from plastic or metal.
9. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a furfural-formaldehyde resin.
10. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a melamine-formaldehyde resin.
11. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a phenol-melamine-formaldehyde resin.
12. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 1 , wherein the formaldehyde-based resin was heated to a temperature of about 149° C. to about 177° C. for a time period of about 5 seconds to about 2 minutes to produce the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin.
13. An adhesive coated dowel, comprising:
a dowel substrate having an outer surface and a first end opposite a second end, wherein the dowel substrate has a length of about 0.5 inches to about 3 inches, and wherein the dowel substrate has circumferentially-spaced, longitudinally extending flutes; and
a B-staged formaldehyde-based resin coated on the outer surface of the dowel substrate, wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a phenol-formaldehyde resin, a furfural-formaldehyde resin, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, a phenol-melamine-formaldehyde resin, or any mixture thereof.
14. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 13 , wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from wood.
15. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 13 , wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from plastic or metal.
16. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 13 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin comprises a B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin, and wherein the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with a formaldehyde to phenol (F:P) molar ratio of about 1.8 to about 2.4.
17. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 13 , wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin was prepared with an alkaline catalyst, wherein the alkaline catalyst comprised an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, a tertiary amine, or any mixture thereof.
18. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 17 , wherein the alkaline catalyst comprised sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, trimethylamine, or any mixture thereof.
19. The adhesive coated dowel of claim 13 , wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from wood, and wherein the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin was produced from a formaldehyde-based resin heated to a temperature of about 149° C. to about 177° C. for a time period of about 5 seconds to about 2 minutes.
20. An adhesive coated dowel, comprising:
a dowel substrate having an outer surface and a first end opposite a second end, wherein the dowel substrate has a length of about 0.5 inches to about 3 inches, wherein the dowel substrate is fabricated from wood, and wherein the dowel substrate has circumferentially-spaced, longitudinally extending flutes disposed therein and between the first end and the second end; and
a B-staged phenol-formaldehyde-based resin coated on the outer surface of the dowel substrate, wherein:
the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin is dried and at least partially cured,
the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with a formaldehyde to phenol (F:P) molar ratio of about 1.8 to about 2.4,
the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin was produced from a formaldehyde-based resin heated at a temperature of greater than 110° C. and to about 177° C.,
the B-staged phenol-formaldehyde resin was prepared with about 0.1 mol to about 0.7 mol of an alkaline catalyst per mol of phenol,
the B-staged formaldehyde-based resin is a thermosetting resin, and
the alkaline catalyst comprised an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, a tertiary amine, or any mixture thereof.