Devices and methods for weight control and weight loss
The present invention provides, compositions, devices, and methods for affecting, among other things, weight loss and/or weight control, by sequestering nutrients or other compounds such as toxins from absorption in the digestive tract. The compositions, devices, and methods employ one or more members made of a compressible, absorbent matrix material. In various embodiments, the matrix material is suitable for routine use. The compressible absorbent matrix material has a size, shape and/or geometry configured for efficient packing into a small space, and/or configured to absorb and substantially retain digested material in the stomach. The devices and compositions may further comprise one or more hydrogel(s), soluble or insoluble fibers, waxes and/or gums to provide the desired mechanical properties and/or absorptive or shielding properties.
1. A device that absorbs and retains digested material in the stomach, the device comprising:
one or more members of a compressible absorbent matrix material having a size, shape and/or geometry that is packed into a compressed delivery vehicle that is less than 50% of an expanded size of the delivery vehicle, wherein the absorbent matrix material forms a sponge architecture, including a plurality of cells defined by cell walls; and
one or more sealing compounds contained in the cell walls.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein said absorbent matrix material has a defined shape.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein said absorbent matrix material is a tube.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the tube comprises one or more interior voids in communication with an exterior.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein said one or more interior voids have defined shapes.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein said absorbent matrix material comprises an elastomer, latex, guayule, polyurethane rubber, silicon rubber, cellulose, nanocellulose, nitrile rubber, elastin, collagen or combinations thereof.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device regains its original shape after being compressed.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sealing compounds are selected from hydrogels, soluble or insoluble fibers, waxes and gums, or mixtures thereof.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein said hydrogels comprise polyvinyl alcohol, poly(ethyloxazoline), polyvinylacetate-polyvinylalcohol copolymers, poly(2-hydroxyethyl-acrylate), poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate), carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid copolymers, disaccharides, polysaccharides, chitosan, alginate, water soluble proteins, polynucleic acids, natural clays, montmorillonite, sodium bentonite, absorbent fibers, super absorbent fibers, microfibers, nanofibers, micropowders, nanopowders, or combinations thereof.
10. The device of claim 8 , wherein the device comprises an exopolysaccharide mucilage, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, hemicellulose, keratin, elastin, collagen, or mixtures thereof.
11. The device of claim 8 , wherein the device comprises agar, alginic acid, sodium alginate, carrageenan, gum Arabic, gum ghatti, gum tragacanth (E413), karaya gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, beta-glucan, chicle gum, dammar gum, glucomannan, mastic gum, psyllium seed husks, spruce gum, tara gum, gellan gum, xanthan gum, or mixtures thereof.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the absorbent matrix material has a flat geometric configuration.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is in the form of a capsule.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device traverses the gastrointestinal tract of a subject and remains intact, without perforations or holes.
15. The device of claim 1 , wherein said device dissolves in the gastrointestinal tract of a subject.
16. A method for sequestering nutrients or compounds from absorption in the digestive tract, comprising ingesting the device of claim 1 .
17. A method for treating obesity, comprising providing the device of claim 1 , to an obese subject.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the device is used routinely.
19. A food product or beverage, comprising the device of claim 1 .
20. A kit comprising a food product or beverage and a device of claim 1 .