A sliding joint for motor vehicles, having an inner race which includes inner running grooves, an outer race which includes outer running grooves, a cage, and balls. The inner running grooves are constructed parallel to each other in the axial dimension and include a displacement segment and a functional segment, and the outer running grooves are likewise constructed parallel to each other in the axial dimension and also include a displacement segment and a functional segment.
1. A sliding joint for a motor vehicle comprising:
an inner race with an inner race axis, first inner running grooves and second inner running grooves;
an outer race with an outer race axis, first outer running grooves and second outer running grooves;
one first inner running groove and one first outer running groove being disposed opposite each other and together forming a first running groove pair;
one second inner running groove and one second outer running groove being disposed opposite each other and together forming a second running groove pair;
a substantially circularly shaped cage arranged between the inner race and the outer race, said cage having a number of windows corresponding to the number of running groove pairs, and
balls which are guided in the windows of the cage and which engage in the inner running grooves and the outer running grooves,
wherein
the first inner running grooves and the second inner running grooves are constructed to run substantially parallel to the inner race axis in the axial dimension;
the first inner running grooves and the second inner running grooves each have at least one displacement segment and one functional segment;
the first inner running grooves and the second inner running grooves each have a substantially constant separation distance from the inner race axis in the displacement segment, measured radially therefrom;
the first inner running grooves each extend radially outward from the inner race axis at a first inner running groove angle in the functional segment;
the second inner running grooves each incline at a second inner running groove angle radially toward the inner race axis in the functional segment;
the first outer running grooves and the second outer running grooves are constructed substantially parallel to the outer race axis in the axial dimension;
the first outer running grooves and the second outer running grooves each have at least one displacement segment and one functional segment;
the first outer running grooves and the second outer running grooves each have a substantially constant separation distance from the outer race axis in the displacement segment;
the first outer running grooves each extend away from the outer race axis radially at a first outer running groove angle in the functional segment,
the second outer running grooves each incline at a second outer running groove angle radially toward the outer race axis in the functional segment,
said first inner running groove angle and the length of said functional segments of said first inner running grooves are substantially inversely proportional to each other,
said second inner running groove angle and the length of said functional segments of said second inner running grooves are substantially inversely proportional to each other,
said first outer running groove angle and the length of said functional segments of said first outer running grooves are substantially inversely proportional to each other, and
said second outer running groove angle and the length of said functional segments of said second outer running grooves are substantially inversely proportional to each other.
2. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein both the displacement segment and the functional segment of the inner running grooves directly abut each other.
3. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein both the displacement segment and the functional segment of the outer running grooves directly abut each other.
4. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein one parallel segment joins with each of the functional segments of the inner running grooves on the side which faces away from the respective displacement segment, and in this parallel segment the inner running grooves have a substantially constant separation distance from the inner race axis, measured radially from said inner race axis.
5. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein one parallel segment joins with each of the functional segments of the outer running grooves on the side thereof which faces away from the respective displacement segment, and in this parallel segment the outer running grooves have a substantially constant separation distance from the outer race axis, measured radially from said outer race axis.
6. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein at least one inner running groove and/or at least one outer running groove has at least one limit stop which limits axial movement of a ball in the running groove pair comprised of the inner running groove and the outer running groove.
7. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the first inner running groove angle and the second inner running groove angle have substantially the same value.
8. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the first outer running groove angle and the second outer running groove angle have substantially the same value.
9. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the first inner running groove angle and the first outer running groove angle have substantially the same value.
10. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the second inner running groove angle and the second outer running groove angle have substantially the same value.
11. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein for each of the running groove pairs, the length of the functional segment of the first inner running groove and the length of the functional segment of the associated first outer running groove are substantially equal.
12. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein for each of the running groove pairs, the length of the functional segment of the second inner running groove and the length of the functional segment of the associated second outer running groove are substantially equal.
13. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the windows of the cage, the balls, the inner raceways and the outer raceways are constructed in such a manner and correspond to each other such that the cage also guides the balls even when the balls are situated in the region wherein the functional segments of the inner raceways and the outer raceways have the largest radial separation distance from each other.
14. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein the windows of the cage, the balls, the inner raceways and the outer raceways are constructed in such a manner and correspond to each other such that the cage also guides the balls even when the balls are situated in the region wherein the functional segments of the inner raceways and the outer raceways have the smallest radial separation distance from each other.
15. A sliding joint according to claim 1 , wherein at least the outer race is comprised partially of a metal and partially of a plastic material.
16. A sliding joint according to claim 15 , wherein the section of the outer race carrying said functional segments is made of a metal and the section of the outer race carrying said displacement segments is made of a plastic material.