Electrosurgical device having floating-potential electrode and bubble trap
Disclosed herein are embodiments of an electrosurgical device that include one or more floating electrodes and are specifically adapted to remove, cut, resect, ablate, vaporize, denaturize, drill, coagulate and form lesions in soft tissues, with or without externally supplied liquids, preferably in combination with a resectoscope, particularly in the context of urological, gynecological, laparoscopic, arthroscopic, and ENT procedures. Specific adaptations for urological and gynecological applications, for example kidney stone removal and BPH treatment, are also described.
1. An electrosurgical instrument comprising:
a. a linear elongate shaft having a proximal end, a distal end and a longitudinal axis, wherein said proximal end is configured for connection to an electrosurgical power source;
b. first and second laterally opposed, distally extending, insulated conductive members mounted to the distal end of said linear elongate shaft;
c. an active electrode mounted to and extending between the distal ends of said first and second insulated conductive members, said active electrode comprising a wire cutting loop having first and second portions that extend away from the distal ends of said first and second insulated conductive members, respectively, and a third portion connecting said first and second portions to each other; and
d. a bubble trap mounted to and extending between the first and second portions of the active electrode, said bubble trap comprising planar upper and a lower surfaces that are transverse to said longitudinal axis of said linear elongate shaft;
further wherein said active electrode is formed from an electrically conductive material and is electrically connected to said linear elongate shaft, and
further wherein the upper and lower planar surfaces of said bubble trap project proximally, distally, and laterally beyond a periphery of said active electrode.
2. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 further comprising at least one floating electrode that is not directly electrically connected to either the linear elongate shaft or the electrosurgical power source.
3. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 2 , wherein said at least one floating electrode comprises a pair of floating electrodes, a first floating electrode of the pair of floating electrodes concentrically disposed about the distal end of said first conductive member and a second floating electrode of the pair of floating electrodes concentrically disposed about the distal end of said second conductive member.
4. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 2 , wherein said at least one floating electrode comprises a conductive element laterally positioned between said first and second insulated conductive members.
5. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein said bubble trap is formed from a nonconductive dielectric material.
6. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , further comprising an electrode stabilizer mounted to the distal end of the linear elongate shaft for stabilizing the active electrode.
7. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein said first and second insulated conductive members comprise a pair of parallel tubes adapted for attachment of said electrosurgical instrument to a resectoscope.
8. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , wherein said electrosurgical instrument further comprises a return electrode that is mechanically connected to said linear elongate shaft.
9. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 2 , wherein said active and floating electrodes are formed from a suitable metallic material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, nickel, titanium, and tungsten.
10. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , further comprising at least one lumen disposed along the length of said linear elongate shaft, said lumen configured to deliver an irrigant to the active electrode.
11. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 , further comprising at least one lumen disposed along the length of said linear elongate shaft, said lumen forming an aspiration path between the active electrode and an external vacuum source.
12. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 4 , wherein said conductive element comprises a planar plate mounted to the planar upper surface of said bubble trap.