Method for global acoustic positioning of a marine or submarine target
A method for the global acoustic positioning of the USBL or SBL type of a marine or submarine target is more accurate than the method used by known USBL or SBL systems, while applying a network of sensors having the same material dimensions as those of these known systems. The method makes use of the movements of the network of sensors to apply principles of the processings by synthetic antenna. The principle of the synthetic antenna transposed to the present problem consists in using the signals received by the hydrophones of a physical antenna placed on a moveable platform at K different moments in succession, and therefore at K locations in succession in order to provide an estimate of the position of the beacon by virtue of an antenna of virtually greater dimensions.
1. A method for global acoustic positioning of a marine or submarine target using a global positioning antenna of the USBL or SBL type, the global positioning antenna placed on a moveable floating platform and comprising an emitting acoustic transducer, at least two acoustic sensors, an inertial navigation system with a GPS system or a Doppler velocity log DVL, and a computer, the method comprising:
operating acoustic recurrences in succession at successive locations, each acoustic recurrence being operated by:
emitting, by the emitting acoustic transducer, one acoustic pulse to interrogate a beacon placed on the marine or submarine target, and
receiving, by the at least two acoustic sensors, a reflection of the emitted acoustic pulse;
obtaining a synthetic network of acoustic sensors at the successive locations; and
determining, based on the synthetic network of acoustic sensors at the successive locations, a single georeferenced position of the beacon.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the emitting acoustic transducer and the at least two acoustic sensors operate at a frequency between 5 and 100 kHz, and wherein the period of acoustic recurrences of the acoustic pulses emitted by the emitting acoustic transducer is 3 seconds.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising, measuring, for each acoustic recurrence, a time of arrival or a phase of arrival of the reflection of the emitted acoustic pulse from the beacon.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising estimating, by the inertial navigation system, movements and orientations of the moveable floating platform during the acoustic recurrences.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the movements and the orientations of the moveable floating platform are used by the computer to determine the synthetic network of acoustic sensors.
6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the single georeferenced position is determined by estimating relative and absolute positions of the marine or submarine target using the times of arrival and the phases of arrival of the reflections of the emitted acoustic pulse from the beacon.