Motion vector coding and decoding methods
A coding apparatus includes a motion vector coding unit that codes an inputted motion vector. A motion vector for each current block is coded based on a difference between the motion vector and a predicted vector obtained from motion vectors of coded neighboring blocks. The predicted vector is generated by one of the following methods: motion vectors referring to the same picture are selected from among the motion vectors for the neighboring blocks; motion vectors of respective neighboring blocks are ordered in a, predetermined order, and the motion vectors of the same order rank are selected from the ordered motion vectors; and the predicted vector of a second motion vector of the current block is the first motion vector, and if the second motion vector and the first motion vector refer to different pictures, the first motion vector is scaled according to the temporal distance between the pictures.
1. A motion vector decoding apparatus which generates two predicted motion vectors for a current block to be decoded and decodes two coded motion vectors of the current block using the two predicted motion vectors, the apparatus comprising:
a neighboring block specifying unit operable to specify plural neighboring blocks which are located around the current block to be decoded and have already been decoded;
a differential motion vector decoding unit operable to decode the two coded motion vectors of the current block so as to generate two differential motion vectors;
an assigning unit operable to assign, when at least one block among the plural neighboring blocks has two motion vectors which refer to reference pictures in the same direction in a display order, first and second identifiers to respective motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks;
a predicted motion vector deriving unit operable to:
derive a first predicted motion vector of the two predicted motion vectors of the current block by using the respective motion vectors having the first identifier which is the same as an identifier assigned to a first motion vector of the two motion vectors of the current block, from among motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks, and
derive a second predicted motion vector of the two predicted motion vectors of the current block by using the respective motion vectors having the second identifier which is the same as an identifier assigned to a second motion vector of the two motion vectors of the current block, from among motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks; and
a motion vector obtaining unit operable to obtain the first and second motion vectors of the current block by using the first and second predicted motion vectors and the two differential motion vectors,
wherein said predicted motion vector deriving unit is operable to:
select a first motion vector which refers to the same reference picture as referred to by the first motion vector of the current block, from among the motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks having the same identifier as the identifier assigned to the first motion vector of the current block, and
select a second motion vector which refers to the same reference picture as referred to by the second motion vector of the current block, from among the motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks having the same identifier as the identifier assigned to the second motion vector of the current block, and
derive a first median value of the selected first motion vector as the first predicted motion vector of the current block when the selected first motion vector of the plural neighboring blocks is plural, and
derive a second median value of the selected second motion vector as the second predicted motion vector of the current block when the selected second motion vector of the plural neighboring blocks is plural.
2. The motion vector decoding apparatus according to claim 1 ,
wherein in the assigning unit, the first and second identifiers are assigned to the respective motion vectors of the plural neighboring blocks, on a block-by-block basis, according to an order in which the two coded motion vectors appear in a bit stream.