Method and apparatus for ultrasonically cleaning industrial components
An apparatus for cleaning industrial components which has a liquid container defining a liquid enclosure for containing a cleaning liquid and ultrasonic transducers having an operating frequency and a wavelength in the cleaning liquid and secured to at least a portion of the liquid container at a spacing of between 2 and 10 wavelengths. During operation, the transducers generate a larger power density in the component-receiving area of the liquid container than an average power density of the liquid container.
1. An apparatus for cleaning industrial components, comprising:
a liquid container having a sidewall defining a liquid enclosure for containing a cleaning liquid; and
ultrasonic transducers having an operating frequency and a wavelength in the cleaning liquid and secured to at least a portion of the liquid container at a spacing of between 2 and 6 wavelengths between adjacent ultrasonic transducers in a radial direction relative to an axis of the ultrasonic transducers, wherein:
the ultrasonic transducers operate at the same frequency;
the ultrasonic transducers are resonating rod transducers fixedly secured to an inner surface of the liquid container in a two dimensional plane, each ultrasonic transducer being secured by a compliant clamp and a mount device that does not restrict motion along an axis of the resonating rod transducer, the mount device having a compliant restraint gasket that restricts motion of the resonating rod transducer in a direction perpendicular to the axis; and
the liquid container is sized and the ultrasonic transducers are spaced such that, in operation, the power distribution within the cleaning liquid comprises a component-cleaning area separated from the ultrasonic transducers by an area of interference in which ultrasonic waves from adjacent ultrasonic transducers interfere negatively to produce a non-uniform power distribution relative to the component-cleaning area.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the transducers generate a frequency between 20 KHz and 30 KHz.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the container is a liquid tank having an open top.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the container is a liquid tank sufficiently large to receive a set of heat exchanger tubes in the component-receiving area.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the set of heat exchanger tubes is between 2 feet and 150 feet in length and between 6 inches and 12 feet in diameter.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the transducers generate a power density within the liquid container when filled with liquid of between 10-60 Watts/gallon.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the transducers are mounted vertically, horizontally, or diagonally to the inner surface of the liquid container.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the component-cleaning area comprises less negative interference than in the area of negative interference such that ultrasonic waves retain more ultrasonic energy during propagation.