Method and installation for producing supplementary electrical energy
An installation for producing supplementary electrical energy for an electricity network includes at least first and second water reservoirs, the first water reservoir being situated at a first level and the second water reservoir being situated at a second level lower than the first level, a communicating pipe between the first water reservoir and the second water reservoir being provided with a remote-controlled valve, and a hydro-electric generating system being provided with a pumping installation. The first and/or second water reservoir is integrated in the foundations in the lower portion of an artificial building that needs to be built for a primary function independently of a secondary function of producing electricity. The first water reservoir or the second water reservoir may constitute a common body of water in the vicinity of ground level. The water reservoirs integrated in foundations of buildings may in particular cooperate with installations for air-conditioning or heating the buildings at the base of which they are constructed, or associated buildings.
1. An installation for producing supplementary electrical energy for an electricity network, comprising:
at least first and second water reservoirs, the first water reservoir being situated at a first level and the second water reservoir being situated at a second level lower than the first level with a level difference of at least 5 meters;
at least one communicating pipe between the first water reservoir and the second water reservoir having a slope of at least 3% and being provided with at least one remote-controlled valve;
a hydro-electric generating system;
a pumping installation; and
a control circuit,
wherein at least one of said first and second water reservoirs comprises one or more individual reservoirs that are integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings that need to be built for a primary function of sheltering goods or people independently of a secondary function of producing electricity,
said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings has a cumulative volume in the range 1000 m 3 to 150,000 m 3 ,
said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings includes at least one individual reservoir also connected to a natural cooling, sprinkler, cleaning, or firefighting installation,
the other one of said first and second water reservoirs is likewise situated at ground level using a natural slope of the ground, and
the hydro-electric generating system has a power rating in the range 100 kW to 4 MW.
2. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein the first water reservoir is integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of a first artificial building that needs to be built for a primary function of sheltering goods or people independently of a secondary function of producing electricity and the second water reservoir situated at ground level using a natural slope of the ground is integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of a second artificial building that needs to be built for a primary function of sheltering goods or people independently of a secondary function of producing electricity.
3. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein at least one individual reservoir that is integrated in underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings also cooperates with an air-conditioning installation or refrigeration installation for some or all of said artificial buildings or associated buildings, said air-conditioning installation or said refrigeration installation including at least one condenser fed with water from said individual reservoir, an expander, an evaporator fed with a heat-exchange fluid, and a compressor unit.
4. The installation according to claim 1 , c wherein at least one individual reservoir that is integrated in underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings also cooperates with an installation for heating some or all of said artificial buildings or associated buildings, said heating installation including at least one condenser fed with water from a heating circuit, an expander, an evaporator fed with water from said individual reservoir, and a compressor unit.
5. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein one of said first and second water reservoirs is situated outside buildings and constitutes a natural or artificial body of water at ground level.
6. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said difference in level lies in the range 5 meters to 8 meters and the hydro-electric generating system is situated in the vicinity of said first water reservoir.
7. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said difference in level is greater than 8 meters and the hydro-electric generating system and the pumping installation are situated at the elevation of said second water reservoir, but away from said second water reservoir.
8. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit includes a unit for coupling the pumping installation to said distribution network during periods of low electricity consumption and a unit for coupling the hydro-electric generating system to said distribution network during periods of peak electricity consumption.
9. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit includes a unit for coupling the pumping installation to a source of environmentally friendly natural energy, such as solar energy or wind energy, during periods of low electricity consumption, and a unit for coupling the hydro-electric generating system to said distribution network during periods of peak electricity consumption.
10. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings includes a plurality of individual reservoirs disposed in separate buildings and interconnected by a balancing pipe.
11. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein a liquid level sensor is associated with each individual reservoir of a water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings.
12. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings includes one or more individual reservoirs each having an underground depth less than or equal to 12 m and a superstructure portion with a height less than or equal to 3 m.
13. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings includes deep foundations attached to tanking defining a watertight water reservoir with a set of compartments closed by a floor.
14. The installation according to claim 1 , wherein said water reservoir integrated in underground or semi-underground manner in the foundations of artificial buildings has a lateral wall thickness in the range 20 cm to 45 cm and a bottom thickness in the range 10 cm to 25 cm.