Staged membrane oxidation reactor system
Ion transport membrane oxidation system comprising (a) two or more membrane oxidation stages, each stage comprising a reactant zone, an oxidant zone, one or more ion transport membranes separating the reactant zone from the oxidant zone, a reactant gas inlet region, a reactant gas outlet region, an oxidant gas inlet region, and an oxidant gas outlet region; (b) an interstage reactant gas flow path disposed between each pair of membrane oxidation stages and adapted to place the reactant gas outlet region of a first stage of the pair in flow communication with the reactant gas inlet region of a second stage of the pair; and (c) one or more reactant interstage feed gas lines, each line being in flow communication with any interstage reactant gas flow path or with the reactant zone of any membrane oxidation stage receiving interstage reactant gas.
1. A method for the operation of an ion transport membrane oxidation system comprising
(a) introducing one or more reactant gases into a reactant zone of the ion transport membrane oxidation system, wherein the one or more reactant gases comprise at least methane and carbon dioxide;
(b) introducing an oxygen-containing gas into an oxidant zone of the ion transport membrane oxidation system;
(c) permeating oxygen from the oxidant zone through an ion transport membrane into the reactant zone and reacting the oxygen therein with one or more components in the reactant gases; and
(d) maintaining the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the reactant gas flowing into the reactant zone to be less than a critical threshold carbon dioxide partial pressure, p CO2 *, wherein p CO2 * is defined as a carbon dioxide partial pressure above which the material in the ion transport membrane reacts with carbon dioxide and decomposes.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion transport membrane oxidation system comprises multiple reactor stages each comprising an ion transport membrane, the reactant conversion in each stage is controlled, the amount of oxygen permeated through the ion transport membrane in each stage is kept sufficiently low to prevent an excessive oxygen vacancy gradient in the ion transport membrane in each stage, and where the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in contact with the ion transport membrane in each stage is maintained below the critical partial pressure.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the ion transport membrane oxidation system is a reactant-staged membrane oxidation reactor system.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the reactant-staged membrane oxidation reactor system has interstage introduction of carbon dioxide wherein the interstage introduction of carbon dioxide is controlled so that the partial pressure of carbon dioxide remains less than p CO2 * in all stages of the reactant-staged membrane oxidation reactor system.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the total desired reactant conversion in the ion transport membrane oxidation system is achieved by utilizing a plurality of reactor stages in series wherein each stage is operated so that the degree of reactant conversion in each stage is controlled at a selected value, and wherein portions of the one or more reactant gases are introduced into two or more stages of the ion transport membrane oxidation system.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the one or more reactant gases comprise recycle gas from downstream synthesis conversion processes wherein the recycle gas is introduced to increase overall reactant gas conversion, the recycle gas providing the carbon dioxide in the one or more reactant gases.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the one or more reactant gases comprise recycle gas from downstream synthesis conversion processes to also control temperatures in selected stages of the ion transport membrane oxidation system.
8. The method of claim 5 wherein the one or more reactant gases comprise recycle gas from downstream synthesis conversion processes to control temperatures in selected stages of the ion transport membrane oxidation system, the recycle gas providing the carbon dioxide in the one or more reactant gases.