Three-dimensional boron particle loaded thermal neutron detector
Three-dimensional boron particle loaded thermal neutron detectors utilize neutron sensitive conversion materials in the form of nano-powders and micro-sized particles, as opposed to thin films, suspensions, paraffin, etc. More specifically, methods to infiltrate, intersperse and embed the neutron nano-powders to form two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional charge sensitive platforms are specified. The use of nano-powders enables conformal contact with the entire charge-collecting structure regardless of its shape or configuration.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a charge sensitive platform including a structure including a p+ region on a first side of an intrinsic region, an n+ region on a second side of said intrinsic region and extending portions formed of one of said p+ region or said n+ region and a portion of said: intrinsic layer, wherein said extending portions have space between each extending portion of said extending portions, wherein said extending portions have a pitch within a range from about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm and a height within a range from about 10 μm to about 200 μm; and
particles of neutron sensitive material located: in said space, wherein all of said particles have a diameter consisting essentially of 10 −6 m or less.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise a molecular compound having one or more constituent elements including said a neutron conversion species.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said particles organic micro-beads.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise thermoplastic nanoparticles.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said space between each extending portion is less than 5 μm.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said space between each extending portion is about 2 μm.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said extending portions are selected from the group consisting of pillars and ridges.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of said intrinsic region is selected to achieve a desired neutron to gamma discrimination.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first electrode in contact with said extending portions; and
a second electrode in contact with the one of said first side or said second side that is on a side opposite of said intrinsic layer with respect to said first electrode.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said extending portions comprise a pitch selected from a group consisting of (i) within a range from 1 μm to about 3 μm and (ii) about 2 μm.
11. A method, comprising:
providing a charge sensitive platform including a structure including a p+ region on a first side of an intrinsic region, an n+ region on a second side of said intrinsic region and extending portions formed of one of said p+ region or said n+ region and a portion of said intrinsic layer, wherein said extending portions have space between each extending portion of said extending portions, wherein said extending portions have a pitch within a range from about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm and a height within a range from about 10 μm to about 200 μm; and
filling said space with particles of neutron sensitive material (NSM), wherein all of said particles have a diameter consisting essentially of 10 −6 m or less.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
providing starting particles a plurality of which comprise a diameter of greater than 10 −6 m; and
processing said starting particles to produce said particles of NSM.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of processing comprises milling said starting particles to produce said particles of NSM.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein said starting particles comprises boron oxide, wherein the step of processing comprises reducing said boron oxide powder into a liquid 10 B oxide suspension.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of processing comprises chemically digesting and precipitating said starting particles to produce said particles of NSM.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of processing includes preparing a solution of said starting particles and methanol and a soluble neutron-converter oxide, wherein the step of filling comprises submerging a portion of said CSP into said solution.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein said starting particles comprise a molecular compound having one or more constituent elements that include a neutron conversion species.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein said particles of NSM comprise a material selected from the group consisting of a chemical solvent and a polymer solution.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the step of filling comprises spin casting said particles of NSM particles into said space.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising curing said particles of NSM.
21. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of filling comprises pressing said particles of NSM into said space to produce pressed particles of NSM.
22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising adding a stabilizer to said pressed particles.
23. The method of claim 21 , wherein said pressed particles comprise organic micro-beads.
24. The method of claim 21 , wherein said particles of NSM comprise thermoplastic nanoparticles, the method further comprising heating said pressed particles to reflow said thermoplastic nanoparticles thus stabilizing said pressed particles.
25. The method of claim 11 , further comprising sintering said pressed particles.
26. The method of claim 11 , wherein said space between each extending portion is selected from the group consisting of (i) less than 5 μm and (ii) about 2 μm.
27. The method of claim 11 , wherein said space between each extending portion is less than 5 μm.
28. The method of claim 11 , wherein said extending portions are selected from the group consisting of pillars and ridges.
29. The method of claim 11 , further comprising providing a first electrode in contact with said extending portions, the method further comprising providing a second electrode in contact with the one of said first side or said second side that is on a side opposite of said intrinsic layer with respect to said first electrode.
30. The method of claim 11 , wherein said extending portions comprise a pitch selected from a group consisting of (i) within a range from 1 μm to about 3 μm and (ii) about 2 μm.