Cross-linked compositions
Improved compositions comprising a cross-linkable protein or polypeptide, and a non-toxic material which induces cross-linking of the cross-linkable protein. The compositions are optionally and preferably prepared in a non-phosphate buffer solvent. Optionally and preferably, the cross-linkable protein includes gelatin and any gelatin variant or variant protein as described herein. Optionally and preferably, the non-toxic material comprises transglutaminase (TG), which may optionally comprise any type of calcium dependent or independent transglutaminase, which may for example optionally be a microbial transglutaminase (mTG).
1. A cross-linkable composition, comprising a lyophilized gelatin composition and a dried transglutaminase composition, wherein said lyophilized gelatin composition comprises lyophilized gelatin foam.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said dried transglutaminase composition is dispersed thoroughly througout said lyophilized gelatin composition.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said dried transglutaminase composition is added to said lyophilized gelatin foam without dissolving into said lyophilized gelatin foam.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said lyophilized gelatin foam does not require an additional stabilizer.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein said lyophilized gelatin composition comprises a plurality of layers, including at least one denser layer, wherein said denser layer has a density greater than at least one other layer by at least 5%.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said denser layer has a density greater than at least one other layer by at least 10%.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein said denser layer has a density greater than at least one other layer of up to 20%.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein said denser layer comprises less than 50% of the lyophilized gelatin composition.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein said denser layer comprises less than 35% of the lyophilized gelatin composition.
10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein said denser layer comprises less than 20% of the lyophilized gelatin composition.
11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein said denser layer is formed by allowing a layer of gelatin foam to collapse to said denser layer, thereby forming gelatin foam having a plurality of layers, including at least one denser layer.
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein a concentration of gelatin composition is in the range of 0.5%-20% w/w.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein a concentration of gelatin composition is in the range of 5-10% w/w.
14. The composition of claim 12 , wherein said dry gelatin foam contains less than about 12% moisture.
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein said the dry gelatin foam contains less than about 8% moisture.
16. The composition of claim 14 , having a pH in a range of from about 6 to about 7.
17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein said transglutaminase is calcium independent.
18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein said transglutaminase is microbial transglutaminase.
19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein a protein concentration of said transglutaminase is present in an amount from about 0.0001% to about 2% w/w of the composition.
20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein said transglutaminase is present in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 1.35% w/w of the composition.
21. The composition of claim 18 , wherein said concentration of transglutaminase is in the range of from about 1 to about 180 enzyme units (U/mL) of total composition.
22. The composition of claim 21 , wherein a ratio of enzyme composition to gelatin composition is about 1:1 to 1:5 v/v if said enzyme and said gelatin were in solution.
23. The composition of claim 22 wherein said gelatin is produced from animal origin, recombinant origin or a combination thereof.
24. The composition of claim 23 , wherein said animal origin is selected from the group consisting of fish and mammals.
25. The composition of claim 24 , wherein said gelatin is of type A (Acid Treated) or of type B (Alkaline Treated).
26. The composition of claim 22 , wherein said gelatin comprises high molecular weight gelatin of at least about 250 bloom, or equivalent thereof.
27. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a surfactant.
28. The composition of claim 27 , wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of polysorbate 20 (Tween™ 20), polyoxyethyleneglycol dodecyl ether (Brij™ 35), polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer (Pluronic™ F-68), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium laureth sulfate or sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), poloxamers or poloxamines, alkyl polyglucosides, fatty alchohols, fatty acid salts, cocamide monoethanolamine, and cocamide diethanolamine.
29. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a plasticizer.
30. The composition of claim 29 , wherein said plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, citric acid alkyl esters, glycerol, glycerol esters, phthalic acid alkyl esters, sebacic acid alkyl esters, sucrose esters, sorbitan esters, acetylated monoglycerides, glycerols, fatty acid esters, glycols, propylene glycol, lauric acid, sucrose, glyceryl triacetate, poloxamers, diethyl phthalate, mono- and di-glycerides of edible fats or oils, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, polysorbate, polyethylene glycols (PEG) 200 to 20,000, Carbowax polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gum arabic, guar gum, xanthan gum, Plasdone® (polyvinylpyrrolidone), mannitol, and mixtures thereof.
31. A cross-linkable composition, comprising a lyophilized gelatin composition and a dried transglutaminase composition, wherein said dried transglutaminase composition is dispersed thoroughly througout said lyophilized gelatin composition.