Cement and concrete with reinforced material
Provided are compositions, methods and systems including cementitious compositions and reinforcing materials wherein the cementitious composition comprises a metastable component.
1. A method for forming a cement or concrete composition, comprising:
combining a cementitious composition wherein the cementitious composition comprises a metastable component selected from the group consisting of vaterite, amorphous calcium carbonate, and combination thereof, with a reinforcing material wherein the reinforcing material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramics, polymer, grass, grass product, wood product, fiber-reinforced plastic, epoxy coated rebar, titanium cladding treated rebar, chrome plated/coated rebar, nickel plated/coated rebar, cobalt-chromium coated rebar, polycarbonate reinforcing members, polycarbonate fiber, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) reinforcing members, PVC fiber, polypropylene, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, bamboo, and combination thereof, to form a cement or concrete composition; and
contacting the cement composition or the concrete composition with water to cause dissolution-reprecipitation of vaterite to aragonite wherein the composition after contact with water has a wet paste pH of less than 12, and setting and hardening wherein aragonitic crystals are formed on the reinforced material.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising making the cementitious composition by contacting an industrial waste gas stream comprising carbon dioxide with an alkaline solution to form a carbon dioxide charged water; and contacting the carbon dioxide charged water with divalent cations to form the cementitious composition.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the contacting of the carbon dioxide charged water with the divalent cations is under precipitation conditions that favor the formation of the cementitious composition comprising a metastable component selected from the group consisting of vaterite, amorphous calcium carbonate, and combination thereof wherein the precipitation conditions comprises residence time of the composition in solution of between 5 seconds-1 hour, pH of the solution between 6-8.5, temperature of the solution between 20-50° C., or combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the precipitation conditions favor the formation of more than 50 wt % vaterite in the cementitious composition.
5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising obtaining the alkaline solution using an electrochemical method.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious composition has a δ 13 C value of less than −12.0‰.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious composition after setting and hardening has a compressive strength of between 14-35 MPa.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious composition is a particulate composition with an average particle size of 0.1-100 microns.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cementitious composition is combined with between 0.1-10 wt % reinforced material.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reinforced material is in a shape of bars or rebars, wires, threads, grids, plates, fibers, metal meshes, cages, whiskers, or combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition after setting and hardening forms the formed building material selected from the group consisting of masonry unit, brick, blocks, tile, construction panel, conduit, basin, beam, column, slab, acoustic barrier, insulation material, and combination thereof.