Gas supply apparatus for internal combustion engine
A straight port and a swirl port supply low-oxygen-concentration gas and high-oxygen-concentration gas into a combustion chamber of an engine such that high-level-oxygen-concentration gas and low-level-oxygen-concentration gas are formed from the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas in an adjacent region of the combustion chamber, which is adjacent to a fuel mist injected from an injection hole of a fuel injection valve. The high-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in a corresponding area of the adjacent region, which is generally opposite from the fuel injection hole, and the low-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in a remaining area of the adjacent region, which is other than the corresponding area of the adjacent region.
1. A gas supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which includes a fuel injection valve that is adapted to directly inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve, the gas supply apparatus comprising:
a supply arrangement that is adapted to supply high-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is higher than an oxygen concentration of fresh air, and low-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is lower than the oxygen concentration of the fresh air, into the combustion chamber such that at a time of injecting fuel mist from the at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve into the combustion chamber, high-level-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is equal to or lower than the oxygen concentration of the high-oxygen concentration gas, and low-level-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is lower than the oxygen concentration of the high-level-oxygen-concentration gas and is equal to or higher than the oxygen concentration of the low-oxygen-concentration gas, are formed from the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas in an adjacent region of the combustion chamber, which is adjacent to the fuel mist, wherein:
the high-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in a corresponding area of the adjacent region, which is generally opposite from the at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve, while the fuel mist being held between the corresponding area of the adjacent region and the at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve, and the low-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in a remaining area of the adjacent region, which is other than the corresponding area of the adjacent region, in which the high-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located;
the supply arrangement includes a first intake port and a second intake port, which are adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas and the high-oxygen-concentration gas, respectively, into the combustion chamber;
the first intake port is adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas into a center region of the combustion chamber, in which a central axis of the combustion chamber is located and which extends in a direction of the central axis;
the second intake port is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into an outer peripheral region of the combustion chamber, which is located on an outer side of the center region and is other than the center region;
the gas supply apparatus further comprises an interrupt-supply device that is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into the first intake port to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into the combustion chamber through the first intake port before a time of supplying the low-oxygen-concentration gas into the combustion chamber through the first intake port.
2. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:
the interrupt-supply device is adapted to inject the high-oxygen-concentration gas into a portion of the first intake port;
the gas supply apparatus further comprising:
a passage cross-sectional area adjusting device that is adapted to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of an upstream side portion of the first intake port, which is located on an upstream side of the portion of the first intake port, into which the high-oxygen-concentration gas is injected from the interrupt-supply device; and
a controller that controls the passage cross-sectional area adjusting device and the interrupt-supply device; and
the controller drives the passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to reduce the passage cross-sectional area of the upstream side portion of the first intake port and drives the interrupt-supply device to inject the high-oxygen-concentration gas during a valve closing period of an intake valve, during which the intake valve closes the first intake port.
3. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a separator, which has a separating member and to which the fresh air is supplied, wherein:
the separator is adapted to supply gas of the fresh air, which is supplied to the separator and is transmitted through the separating member of the separator, as the high-oxygen-concentration gas and to supply the rest of the fresh air, which is other than the high-oxygen-concentration gas, as the low-oxygen-concentration gas; and
the supply arrangement is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which are supplied from the separator, into the combustion chamber.
4. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising:
an exhaust gas recirculation device that is adapted to recirculate a portion of exhaust gas, which is outputted from the internal combustion engine, as external EGR gas to the first intake port; and
a controller that controls the EGR device to supply the external EGR gas to the combustion chamber in addition to the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from the separator, into the combustion chamber, when the controller determines that the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from the separator into the combustion chamber, becomes insufficient.
5. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein:
the supply arrangement includes a first supply passage and a second supply passage that are adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas and the high-oxygen-concentration gas, respectively, which are produced by the separator, into the combustion chamber;
the first supply passage, which is adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas, is connected to the second supply passage, which is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas, through a communication passage;
a first passage cross-sectional area adjusting device is placed in the communication passage to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of the communication passage;
the second supply passage, which is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas, is connected to a passage, which is adapted to supply the fresh air to the separator, though a fresh air supply passage;
a second passage cross-sectional area adjusting device is placed in the fresh air supply passage to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of the fresh air supply passage; and
a controller that drives the first passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to increase the passage cross-sectional area of the communication passage and drives the second passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to increase the passage cross-sectional area of the fresh air supply passage when the controller determines one of the followings:
a load of the internal combustion engine is rapidly increased; and
a load of the internal combustion engine is high.
6. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of separators, each of which has a separating member and to each of which the fresh air is supplied, wherein:
each of the plurality of separators is adapted to supply gas of the fresh air, which is supplied to the separator and is transmitted through the separating member of the separator, as the high-oxygen-concentration gas and to supply the rest of the fresh air, which is other than the high-oxygen-concentration gas, as the low-oxygen-concentration gas;
the supply arrangement is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from each corresponding one of the plurality of separators, into the combustion chamber;
the gas supply apparatus further comprising a control arrangement that is adapted to adjust a number of separators in use, which are selected from the plurality of separators and are used to produce the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas; and
the control arrangement increases the number of the separators in use when a load of the internal combustion engine is increased.
7. A gas supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which includes a fuel injection valve that is adapted to directly inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve, the gas supply apparatus comprising:
a supply arrangement that is adapted to supply high-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is higher than an oxygen concentration of fresh air, and low-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is lower than the oxygen concentration of the fresh air, into the combustion chamber such that high-level-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is equal to or lower than the oxygen concentration of the high-oxygen concentration gas, and low-level-oxygen-concentration gas, which has an oxygen concentration that is lower than the oxygen concentration of the high-level-oxygen-concentration gas and is equal to or higher than the oxygen concentration of the low-oxygen-concentration gas, are formed from the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas in the combustion chamber, wherein:
the low-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in a surrounding area, which is adjacent to and surrounds the at least one fuel injection hole of the fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber, and the high-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located in an outer area, which is on an outer side of the surrounding area, in which the low-level-oxygen-concentration gas is located;
the supply arrangement includes a first intake port and a second intake port, which are adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas and the high-oxygen-concentration gas, respectively, into the combustion chamber;
the first intake port is adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas into a center region of the combustion chamber, in which a central axis of the combustion chamber is located and which extends in a direction of the central axis;
the second intake port is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into an outer peripheral region of the combustion chamber, which is located on an outer side of the center region and is other than the center region;
the gas supply apparatus further comprises an interrupt-supply device that is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into the first intake port to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas into the combustion chamber through the first intake port before a time of supplying the low-oxygen-concentration gas into the combustion chamber through the first intake port.
8. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein:
the interrupt-supply device is adapted to inject the high-oxygen-concentration gas into a portion of the first intake port;
the gas supply apparatus further comprising:
a passage cross-sectional area adjusting device that is adapted to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of an upstream side portion of the first intake port, which is located on an upstream side of the portion of the first intake port, into which the high-oxygen-concentration gas is injected from the interrupt-supply device; and
a controller that controls the passage cross-sectional area adjusting device and the interrupt-supply device; and
the controller drives the passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to reduce the passage cross-sectional area of the upstream side portion of the first intake port and drives the interrupt-supply device to inject the high-oxygen-concentration gas during a valve closing period of an intake valve, during which the intake valve closes the first intake port.
9. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 7 , further comprising a separator, which has a separating member and to which the fresh air is supplied, wherein:
the separator is adapted to supply gas of the fresh air, which is supplied to the separator and is transmitted through the separating member of the separator, as the high-oxygen-concentration gas and to supply the rest of the fresh air, which is other than the high-oxygen-concentration gas, as the low-oxygen-concentration gas; and
the supply arrangement is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which are supplied from the separator, into the combustion chamber.
10. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 9 , further comprising:
an exhaust gas recirculation device that is adapted to recirculate a portion of exhaust gas, which is outputted from the internal combustion engine, as external EGR gas to the first intake port; and
a controller that controls the EGR device to supply the external EGR gas to the combustion chamber in addition to the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from the separator, into the combustion chamber, when the controller determines that the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from the separator into the combustion chamber, becomes insufficient.
11. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein:
the supply arrangement includes a first supply passage and a second supply passage that are adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas and the high-oxygen-concentration gas, respectively, which are produced by the separator, into the combustion chamber;
the first supply passage, which is adapted to supply the low-oxygen-concentration gas, is connected to the second supply passage, which is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas, through a communication passage;
a first passage cross-sectional area adjusting device is placed in the communication passage to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of the communication passage;
the second supply passage, which is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas, is connected to a passage, which is adapted to supply the fresh air to the separator, though a fresh air supply passage;
a second passage cross-sectional area adjusting device is placed in the fresh air supply passage to adjust a passage cross-sectional area of the fresh air supply passage; and
a controller that drives the first passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to increase the passage cross-sectional area of the communication passage and drives the second passage cross-sectional area adjusting device to increase the passage cross-sectional area of the fresh air supply passage when the controller determines one of the followings:
a load of the internal combustion engine is rapidly increased; and
a load of the internal combustion engine is high.
12. The gas supply apparatus according to claim 7 , further comprising a plurality of separators, each of which has a separating member and to each of which the fresh air is supplied, wherein:
each of the plurality of separators is adapted to supply gas of the fresh air, which is supplied to the separator and is transmitted through the separating member of the separator, as the high-oxygen-concentration gas and to supply the rest of the fresh air, which is other than the high-oxygen-concentration gas, as the low-oxygen-concentration gas;
the supply arrangement is adapted to supply the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas, which is supplied from each corresponding one of the plurality of separators, into the combustion chamber;
the gas supply apparatus further comprising a control arrangement that is adapted to adjust a number of separators in use, which are selected from the plurality of separators and are used to produce the high-oxygen-concentration gas and the low-oxygen-concentration gas; and
the control arrangement increases the number of the separators in use when a load of the internal combustion engine is increased.