Melt containment member
View Patent ↗A tubular melt containment member for transient containment of molten metals and alloys, especially reactive metals and alloys, includes a melt-contacting layer or region that comprises an oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide material that is less reactive as compared to the counterpart stoichiometric rare earth oxide. The oxygen-deficient (sub-stoichiometric) rare earth oxide can comprise oxygen-deficient yttria represented by Y 2 O 3-x wherein x is from 0.01 to 0.1. Use of the oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide as the melt-contacting layer or region material reduces reaction with the melt for a given melt temperature and melt contact time.
1. A method of providing a non-sacrificial molten metallic material through a pour tube melt containment member to an atomizer, comprising:
initially flowing a sacrificial, high oxygen affinity, molten metallic material through the pour tube melt containment member, to thereby contact a substantially stoichiometric rare earth oxide layer in the pour tube melt containment member, to transform said substantially stoichiometric layer into an oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide layer, during which atomizing gas is not being provided to the atomizer,
and then flowing the non-sacrificial molten metallic material through the pour tube melt containment member to the atomizer, wherein the non-sacrificial molten metallic material is contacting the oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide layer of the pour tube melt containment member, during which atomizing gas is provided to the atomizer, such that said oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide layer reacts less with the non-sacrificial molten metallic material than a fully stoichiometric rare earth oxide layer, thereby reducing contamination of the non-sacrificial molten metallic material flowing therethrough.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the non-sacrificial molten metallic material comprises at least one of titanium and zirconium.
3. The method of claim 1 including discarding the sacrificial molten metallic material after it flows through the pour tube melt containment member and the atomizer.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein contamination by at least one of oxygen and rare earth metal into the non-sacrificial molten metallic material flowing to the atomizer is reduced.