Removal of ammonia in urea finishing
Disclosed is a method for the removal of ammonia from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant. The method comprises contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia, particularly activated carbon or zeolite. Thereupon the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon is separated from the gas and regenerated by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, preferably water. After separating the water from the solid adsorbent, the latter is re-used in the process.
1. A method for the removal of ammonia from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant, comprising
(a) contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia;
(b) adsorbing said ammonia from said off-gas onto said solid adsorbent;
(c) separating the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon from the gas;
wherein the adsorbent is injected into the off-gas in the form of particles and wherein either:
said method further comprises regenerating the solid adsorbent by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, and separating the liquid from the solid adsorbent; or
wherein said solid adsorbent is also capable of physically adsorbing urea dust, and said method further comprises adsorbing said urea dust from said off-gas onto said solid adsorbent.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon and zeolites.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the zeolite is selected from the group consisting of natural and synthetic faujasites.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the zeolite is zeolite 13X.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of separating the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon from the gas is conducted by means of a baghouse filter.
6. A process for the production of urea comprising reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide under conditions so as to form urea, and subjecting the urea to a melt finishing step so as to form particulate urea and off-gas, wherein ammonia, is removed from the off-gas by a method in accordance with claim 1 .
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said solid adsorbent is also capable of physically adsorbing urea dust, said method further comprising adsorbing said urea dust from said off-gas onto said solid adsorbent.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said extraction liquid is water.
9. The process according to claim 6 wherein urea dust is removed from the off-gas by a method in accordance with claim 7 .
10. The method of claim 1 , said method further comprising regenerating the solid adsorbent by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, and separating the liquid from the solid adsorbent.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the regenerated solid adsorbent is re-used in the step of contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent in a next process cycle.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the regenerated solid adsorbent comprises chemically adsorbed ammonia.
13. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon and zeolites.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the zeolite is selected from the group consisting of natural and synthetic faujasites.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the zeolite is zeolite 13X.
16. A process for the production of urea comprising reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide under conditions so as to form urea, and subjecting the urea to a melt finishing step so as to form particulate urea and off-gas, wherein ammonia, is removed from the off-gas by:
(a) contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia;
(b) adsorbing said ammonia from said off-gas onto said solid adsorbent;
(c) separating the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon from the gas
(d) regenerating the solid adsorbent by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, and separating the liquid from the solid adsorbent.
17. A process for the production of urea comprising reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide under conditions so as to form urea, and subjecting the urea to a melt finishing step so as to form particulate urea and off-gas, wherein ammonia and urea dust are removed from the off-gas by:
(a) contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia and urea dust;
(b) adsorbing said ammonia and said urea dust from said off-gas onto said solid adsorbent;
(c) separating the solid adsorbent having ammonia and urea dust adsorbed thereon from the gas
(d) regenerating the solid adsorbent by dissolving ammonia and urea dust in an extraction liquid, and separating the liquid from the solid adsorbent.