Cochlear implant insertion method and system
Techniques for insertion of a cochlear implant include using a rotatable manipulator magnet to steer the tip of the cochlear implant. Steering can use magnetic torque and/or force between the manipulator magnet and a magnetic element coupled to the tip of the cochlear implant to control bending of the cochlear implant.
1. A system for insertion of a cochlear implant into a cochlea, the system comprising:
a cochlear implant having a magnetic element;
a positioner removably attached to a proximal end of the cochlear implant, the positioner being configured to mechanically move the cochlear implant to provide linear positioning of the cochlear implant within the cochlea;
a rotatable manipulator magnet configured to provide a rotatable magnetic field, the rotatable manipulator magnet having north and south magnetic poles defining a single magnetic axis, wherein the rotatable manipulator magnet is rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the magnetic axis; and
a control subsystem coupled to the positioner and to the rotatable manipulator magnet, the control subsystem being configured to coordinate linear movement of the cochlear implant with rotation of the manipulator magnet to maintain a magnetic axis of the manipulator magnet at a desired angle relative to a magnetic axis of the magnetic element.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second positioner configured to mechanically move the rotatable manipulator magnet to provide linear positioning of the rotatable manipulator magnet.
3. The system of claim 1 , where the rotatable manipulator magnet comprises:
a rotator; and
a permanent magnet coupled to said rotator.
4. The system of claim 1 , where the rotatable manipulator magnet comprises an electromagnet.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cochlear implant includes a single magnetic element.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the single magnetic element is disposed at a distal end of the cochlear implant.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotatable manipulator magnet is a single magnetic element.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic element comprises a permanent magnet.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotatable manipulator magnet is a permanent magnet.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic axis of the rotatable manipulator magnet leads the magnetic axis of the magnetic element.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rotatable manipulator magnet creates a non-uniform magnetic field in an immediate vicinity of the magnetic element.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein a magnitude of torque produced on the magnetic element by the rotatable manipulator magnet is within the range of about 0.27 Newton-mm to about 58.8 Newton-mm.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein a magnitude of force produced on the magnetic element by the rotatable manipulator magnet is less than about 0.027 Newton.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic element maintains a magnetic field in the presence of the rotatable magnetic field.
15. A system for insertion into a cochlea of a cochlear implant having a magnetic element, the system comprising:
a positioning means for linearly positioning the cochlear implant in a direction substantially aligned with a longitudinal axis of the cochlear implant, the positioning means being removably attached to a proximal end of the cochlear implant and configured to mechanically move the cochlear implant;
a source means for generating a rotatable magnetic field originated from a localized source relative to the cochlea, the source means having north and south magnetic poles defining a single magnetic axis, wherein the source means is rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the magnetic axis; and
a rotation means for rotating the rotatable magnetic field wherein a magnetic torque applied to the magnetic element of the cochlear implant controls bending of the cochlear implant around the spiral axis of the cochlea while simultaneously maintaining a magnetic axis of the rotatable magnetic field at a desired angle relative to a magnetic axis of the magnetic element to maintain a desired magnetic force on the magnetic element.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the source means comprises a localized source of magnetic field.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the source means produces a magnetic field having a non-uniform magnitude.
18. The system of claim 15 , further comprising a second positioning means for linearly positioning the source means, the second positioning means being configured to mechanically move the source means.