Twisted nematic (TN) based 3D display system and method
A 3D display apparatus includes a display device, a liquid crystal panel, and a lens unit. The display device is configured to output polarized lights of one or more images with a first polarization direction. The liquid crystal panel is coupled to the display device and contains a plurality of pixel display areas to receive the polarized lights. The display areas can be individually controlled by corresponding active switches to a first state in which the first polarization direction is transformed into a second polarization direction or a second state in which the first polarization direction is maintained. Further, the lens unit is coupled to the liquid crystal panel and is configured to guide the polarized lights with the second polarization direction to pass through for 2D display and to guide polarized lights with the first polarization direction into predetermined transmitting directions for 3D display.
1. A three-dimensional (3D) display apparatus, comprising:
a display device configured to output polarized lights of one or more images with a first polarization direction;
a liquid crystal panel coupled to the display device and containing a plurality of pixel display areas to receive the polarized lights from the display device with the first polarization direction, the display areas capable of being individually controlled by corresponding active switches to be in a first state in which the first polarization direction is transformed into a second polarization direction different from the first polarization direction or to be in a second state in which the first polarization direction is maintained; and
a lens unit coupled to the liquid crystal panel and configured to guide the polarized lights with the second polarization direction to pass through for 2D display and to guide polarized lights with the first polarization direction into predetermined transmitting directions for 3D display.
2. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of pixel display areas are formed by a plurality of electrode cells, a second electrode, and liquid crystal between the electrode cells and the second electrode; and
the plurality of electrode cells are coupled to a plurality of first electrode leads arranged in a first direction and a plurality of second electrode leads arranged in a second direction different from the first direction via the corresponding active switches.
3. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein:
each of the pixel display areas includes one or more pixels.
4. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein:
the active switches are thin film transistor (TFT) switches.
5. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 4 , further comprising:
a controller coupled to the liquid crystal panel and configured to:
set a pixel display area determined by a electrode cell in the second state by turning on a TFT switch associated with the electrode cell to apply a first voltage difference between the electrode cell and the second electrode that is greater than a threshold voltage; and
set the pixel display area in the first state by turning off the TFT switch associated with the electrode cell.
6. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the lens unit further includes:
a first lens array containing a plurality of single refraction lenses; and
a second lens array coupled to the first lens array and containing a plurality of double refraction lenses corresponding to the plurality of single refraction lenses.
7. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein:
an optical axis of the second lens array is parallel to the polarization direction of the first polarized lights.
8. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein:
when the first lens array is a convex lens array, the refractive index of the first lens array is equal to a larger one of an ordinary refractive index and an extraordinary refractive index of the second lens array.
9. The 3D display apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein:
when the first lens array is a concave lens array, the refractive index of the first lens array is equal to a smaller one of an ordinary refractive index and an extraordinary refractive index of the second lens array.
10. A liquid crystal panel, comprising:
a first control layer including a first substrate, a first electrode lead array, an electrode cell array containing a plurality of electrode cells, a plurality of active switches, and a first alignment layer;
a second control layer including a second substrate, a second electrode, and a second alignment layer; and
a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first control layer and the second control layer,
wherein a plurality of pixel display areas formed based on the plurality of electrode cells to receive polarized lights of one or more images with a first polarization direction and are capable of being individually controlled by the plurality of active switches to be in a first state in which the first polarization direction is transformed into a second polarization direction different from the first polarization direction or to be in a second state in which the first polarization direction is maintained.
11. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 10 , wherein:
each of the pixel display areas includes one or more pixels.
12. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 10 , wherein:
the first electrode lead array further includes a plurality of rows of first electrode leads, and a plurality of columns of second electrode leads overlaying and insulated from the plurality of rows of first electrode leads; and
the plurality of electrode cells are coupled to the plurality of rows of first electrode leads and the plurality of columns of second electrode leads via the plurality of active switches.
13. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 12 , wherein:
the plurality of columns of second electrode leads supplies a voltage to the plurality of electrode cells via the plurality of active switches; and
the plurality of rows of first electrode leads control a ON/OFF state of the plurality of active switches.
14. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 12 , wherein:
the plurality of rows of first electrode leads and the plurality of columns of second electrode leads are in one or more shape selected from a sinusoid shape, a curve shape, and a straight line shape.
15. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 12 , wherein:
the active switches are thin film transistor (TFT) switches.
16. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 15 , wherein:
a pixel display area determined by a electrode cell is configured to be set in the second state by turning on a TFT switch associated with the electrode cell to apply a first voltage difference between the electrode cell and the second electrode that is greater than a threshold voltage; or to be set in the first state by turning off the TFT switch associated with the electrode cell.
17. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 12 , wherein:
the plurality of electrode cells are in a diamond shape.
18. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 10 , wherein:
the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are configured to have a predetermined distance by using a sealant.