Quasi-block copolymer melts, processes for their preparation and uses thereof

1. A block copolymer comprising:

at least one covalent polymer block and

at least one supramolecular polymer block;

wherein said copolymer is in a form of a melt,

wherein said at least one supramolecular block consists of a series of monomers linearly connected by non-covalent bonds and the monomers forming said at least one supramolecular block are selected from the group consisting of 2,4-bis(2-ethylhexylureido)toluene (EHUT), a homodimer of 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (bis-UPy), a heterodimer of 2-ureido-4[1]-pyrimidinone and 2,7-diamido-1,8-naphthyridine (UPy-NAPy), a complex of thymine and 2,6-diamidopyridine, a metal coordination complex of a mend ion with two 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine ligands (bis-terpyridine), and any combination thereof.

2. The block copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein the volume fraction between said at least one covalent polymer block, and at least one supramolecular polymer block is between about 0.1 to about 0.9.

3. The block copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one covalent polymer block is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, poly(2-vinyl pyridine), poly(4-vinyl pyridine), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate)poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(1,4-butadiene), poly(1,2-butadiene), polyisoprene and any combination thereof.

4. The block copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein the monomers of said supramolecular polymer block are connected via non-covalent bonds selected from the group consisting of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic bonds, ionic bonds, metal-ligand coordination bonds, π-π stacking, and any combination thereof.

5. A method of forming a nanostructure having a pattern, said method comprising:

(a) providing a patterned substrate;

(b) depositing on said substrate a layer of a block copolymer according to claim 1 to form a layered substrate; and

(c) subjecting the layered substrate to conditions that cause said block copolymer to order in accordance with the underlying pattern, thereby forming a nanostructure having a pattern.

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said nanostructure is a film.

7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said conditions cause said block copolymer to order in accordance with the underlying pattern of said substrate includes thermal and/or solvent annealing.

8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein sold substrate is patterned with at least one periodic region and/or at least one aperiodic region.

9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said substrate is pattered with at least one irregular feature selected from the group consisting of an angle, a T-junction, a ring, a corner, a bifurcation, a jog, and airs combination thereof.

10. A method according to claim 5 , wherein the fidelity of replication is up to 25% of error.

11. A method of preparing a block copolymer according to claim 1 , said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing at least one covalent polymer capped with at least one monomer having at least one functional group capable of forming a non-covalent bond:

(b) providing at least one supramolecular polymer formed by monomers having at least two independent functional groups capable of forming non-covalent bonds, and

(c) mixing said capped covalent polymer with a supramolecular polymer;

thereby forming said block copolymer.

12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein said stop (a) is repeated.

13. A method according to claim 11 , wherein step (a) is repeated with a different covalent polymer.

14. A method according to claim 11 , wherein said steps (a) and (b) are repeated.

15. A method according to claim 11 , wherein said steps (a) and (b) are repeated with a different covalent polymer and/or supramolecular polymer.

16. A nanostructure comprising a block copolymer according to claim 1 .

17. A nanostrUcture according to claim 16 , selected from the group consisting of a film, a nanotube, a nanoparticle, a nanocage, a nanocomposite, a nanofabric, a nanofiber, a nanoflake, a nanofoam, a nanomesh, a nanopillar, a nanoplatelet, a nanorod, a nanoshell and a nanotip.

18. A nanostructure according to claim 16 , being a film.

19. A device comprising a nanostructure according to claim 16 .

20. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said copolymer is characterized by comprising at least two and not more than four polymer blocks.