Method for improving the performance of nickel electrodes
The invention relates to a method for improving the performance of nickel electrodes in alkali chloride electrolysis by adding water-soluble platinum compounds to the catolyte.
1. A method for improving the performance of damaged nickel electrodes that are used in a membrane sodium chloride electrolytic process comprising:
(a) providing a nickel electrode coated with a platinum metal, a platinum metal oxide or mixtures thereof,
(b) operating and damaging the nickel electrode in an electrolyzer at an electrolytic voltage,
(c) preparing a water-soluble or alkali-soluble platinum solution comprising:
(i) a solvent and
(ii) a soluble platinum compound,
wherein the water soluble or alkali soluble platinum solution is metered at a rate of 0.001 g Pt/(hour*m 2 ) to 1 g Pt/(hour*m 2 ), and at a temperature from 70° C. to 90° C.,
(d) adding the platinum solution to a catolyte comprising sodium hydroxide, and
(e) after the addition of the platinum solution, varying the electrolytic voltage, wherein the electrolytic voltage is in a range from 0V to 5V, and
wherein the electrolytic voltage is varied by a difference of from 0.5 to 500 mV by superimposing an alternating voltage on the electrolytic voltage and wherein the frequency of the superimposed alternating voltage is from 10 to 100 Hz, thereby forming a coating on the nickel electrode, and
(f) improving the performance of the nickel electrodes by a voltage reduction of up to 200 mV.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the platinum compound is a water-soluble salt or a complex acid.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the platinum solution is hexacholorplatinic acid, or an alkali platinate, or a mixture thereof.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the soluble platinum compound is Na 2 PtCl 6 , or Na 2 Pt(OH) 6 , or a mixture thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 , which further comprises at least one additional water-soluble compound from Group VIII of the Periodic Table are added to the platinum solution.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein, the additional water-soluble compound, based on the amount of platinum in the platinum compound, are present in a concentration of 1 wt. % to 50 wt. %.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metering of the platinum solution occurs during electrolysis and under a current density between 0.1 to 10 kA/m 2 .
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nickel electrode is pre-coated with ruthenium, iridium, palladium, platinum, rhodium or osmium.