Adjustable impedance matching network
An impedance matching network includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a reference potential terminal. The impedance matching network further includes a first shunt branch between the first terminal and the reference potential terminal, the first shunt branch including a capacitive element. The impedance matching network also includes a second shunt branch between the second terminal and the reference potential terminal, the second shunt branch including an inductive element. Furthermore, the impedance matching network includes a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects the first terminal and the second terminal. An alternative impedance matching network includes a transformer and an adaptive matching network. The transformer is configured to transform an impedance connected to a first port so that a corresponding transformed impedance lies within a confined impedance region in a complex impedance plane.
1. An impedance matching network comprising:
a first terminal;
a second terminal;
a reference potential terminal;
a first shunt branch between the first terminal and the reference potential terminal, the first shunt branch comprising a capacitive element;
a second shunt branch between the second terminal and the reference potential terminal, the second shunt branch comprising an inductive element; and
a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects the first terminal and the second terminal,
wherein the inductive element comprises a first inductive portion, a second inductive portion connected in series with the first inductive portion, and a switching element connected to a circuit node between the first inductive portion and the second inductive portion and configured to selectively connect the circuit node with a reference potential.
2. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the capacitive element or the inductive element is adjustable.
3. The impedance matching network according to claim 2 , wherein both the capacitive element and the inductive element are adjustable, and wherein the capacitive element has a finer adjustment resolution than the inductive element.
4. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the inductive element comprises a coil with a tap, and a switching element connected to the tap and configured to selectively bypass the second inductor path.
5. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the switching element comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.
6. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the impedance matching network forms a Pi-network with the first inductor path acting as a series element of the Pi-network.
7. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , further comprising a switching element configured to selectively bridge a sub-section of the first inductor path or the second inductor path to thereby adjust an inductance of the first inductor path or the second inductor path.
8. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the capacitive element, the inductive element, and the transmission line transformer are integrated in an integrated circuit.
9. The impedance matching network according to claim 1 , wherein the transmission line transformer is formed within a laminate module.
10. A method for matching an impedance using an impedance matching network comprising a first shunt branch with a capacitive element, a second shunt branch with an inductive element, and a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects a first terminal and a second terminal, the method comprising:
adjusting a real part of the impedance by adjusting a transmission ratio of the transmission line transformer; and
adjusting an imaginary part of the impedance by adjusting at least one of the capacitive element and the inductive element, wherein adjusting the inductive element comprises controlling a further switching element connected to a tap of the inductive element, the tap being connected to a node between a first inductive portion and a second inductive portion of the inductive element, in order to selectively bypass the second inductive portion of the inductive element.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein adjusting the transmission ratio of the transmission line transformer comprises controlling a switching element that is connected in parallel to a sub-section of the first inductor path or of the second inductor path in order to selectively bridge the sub-section and to adjust an inductance of the first inductor path or the second inductor path.
12. An impedance matching network comprising:
a first terminal;
a second terminal;
a reference potential terminal;
a first shunt branch between the first terminal and the reference potential terminal, the first shunt branch comprising a capacitive element;
a second shunt branch between the second terminal and the reference potential terminal, the second shunt branch comprising an inductive element; and
a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects the first terminal and the second terminal,
wherein both the capacitive element and the inductive element are adjustable, and wherein the capacitive element has a finer adjustment resolution than the inductive element.
13. An impedance matching network comprising:
a first terminal;
a second terminal;
a reference potential terminal;
a first shunt branch between the first terminal and the reference potential terminal, the first shunt branch comprising a capacitive element;
a second shunt branch between the second terminal and the reference potential terminal, the second shunt branch comprising an inductive element; and
a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects the first terminal and the second terminal, and
wherein the inductive element comprises a coil with a tap, and a switching element connected to the tap and configured to selectively bypass the second inductor path.
14. A method for matching an impedance using an impedance matching network comprising a first shunt branch with a capacitive element, a second shunt branch with an inductive element, and a transmission line transformer with a first inductor path and a second inductor path, wherein the first inductor path connects a first terminal and a second terminal, the method comprising:
adjusting a real part of the impedance by adjusting a transmission ratio of the transmission line transformer; and
adjusting an imaginary part of the impedance by adjusting at least one of the capacitive element and the inductive element,
wherein adjusting the transmission ratio of the transmission line transformer comprises controlling a switching element that is connected in parallel to a sub-section of the first inductor path or of the second inductor path in order to selectively bridge the sub-section and to adjust an inductance of the first inductor path or the second inductor path.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein adjusting the imaginary part of the impedance comprises:
performing a coarse adjustment by adjusting the inductive element; and
performing a fine adjustment by adjusting the capacitive element.