Method and apparatus for vitamin D enhancement in mushrooms
An apparatus and method for increasing Vitamin D content in mushrooms is disclosed. A mushroom slurry of comminuted or pulverized mushrooms or mushroom parts and liquid, such as water, is passed under a UV light source and subjected to one or more pulses of UV light. The slurry may be conveyed to the UV light source by a vibrating conveyor. After UV light exposure, the treated slurry may be dried and ground into a powder, or the treated slurry may be filtered and the insoluble portion may be dried and ground into a powder. The irradiated mushroom powder has a mass fraction of Vitamin D2 of at least 2500 IU/gram of powder, and more preferably at least 20,000 IU/gram of powder. Irradiated mushroom powder may be incorporated into consumable food product for humans or animals, and/or may be incorporated into topical preparations for cosmetic use.
1. A method for increasing vitamin D content of mushrooms, comprising:
providing a mushroom slurry of mushroom particles suspended in a liquid; and
irradiating the mushroom slurry with one or more pulses of ultraviolet light with wavelengths in the range of about 200 to about 800 nanometers emitted by an electric glow discharge lamp.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electric glow discharge lamp is a xenon lamp.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
comminuting or pulverizing the mushroom particles into smaller particles in the mushroom slurry.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
homogenizing the mushroom particles in the mushroom slurry with a blender, a mixer, a colloid type mill or a pressure reactor.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
breaking apart mushroom cells with one or more enzymes incorporated into the mushroom slurry.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
conveying the mushroom slurry past the lamp with a conveyor selected from the group consisting of vibrating conveyor, shaker table, vibrating pan and vibrating chute.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
vibrating the mushroom slurry while the mushroom slurry is irradiated.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
separating the mushroom slurry into soluble and insoluble fractions.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein separating is by filtering or centrifuging.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
drying the insoluble fraction to form a filter cake; and
grinding the filter cake to form a powder.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said mushroom powder has a mass fraction of Vitamin D2 of at least 2500 IU/gram of powder.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mushroom powder has a moisture content of less than about 30% moisture by weight.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mushroom particles are made from one or more mushrooms selected from the group consisting of: white button mushrooms, brown portobello mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, agaricus bisporus , and mixtures thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mushroom particles are made from one or more mushroom components selected from the group consisting of: stumps, root material, and spawn.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
drying the irradiated slurry; and
grinding the dried slurry to form a powder.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said mushroom powder has a mass fraction of Vitamin D2 of at least 2500 IU/gram of powder.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the mushroom powder has a moisture content of less than about 30% moisture by weight.