Field emission cathode

1. A field emission cathode, comprising:

an at least partly electrically conductive base structure; and

a plurality of electrically conductive micrometer sized sections spatially distributed at the base structure,

wherein

at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections has a shape of polygonal or circular cylinders, an aspect ratio of at least 3:1, a diameter between 5-500 micrometers, and a length up to 10 millimeters,

at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections each are provided with a plurality of electrically conductive nanostructures, the nanostructures including a nanowire having a length greater than 1000 nm and an aspect ratio greater than 20:1, and

the nanostructures are provided on the outer tips of the micrometer sized sections.

2. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructures comprises nanostructures of at least one of conductive oxides, borides, nitrides, carbides, metallic alloys, silicides.

3. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein the nanostructures comprises ZnO nanostructures.

4. The field emission cathode of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electrically conductive nanostructures are concentrated at distal ends of the plurality of electrically conductive micrometer sized sections.

5. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein the base structure comprises a wire.

6. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein the base structure comprises at least one of a grid, and a perforated or solid thin sheet.

7. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein the micrometer sized sections are distributed with a distance exceeding an average diameter of the plurality of micrometer sized sections.

8. The field emission cathode of claim 1 , wherein the base structure is in a form of a twisted wire.

9. The field emission cathode according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections comprises an electrically conducting or semiconducting, optically transparent or reflecting material.

10. A field emission arrangement, comprising:

a field emission cathode comprising:

an at least partly electrically conductive base structure;

a plurality of electrically conductive micrometer sized sections spatially distributed at the base structure,

wherein at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections each are provided with a plurality of electrically conductive nanostructures;

an anode structure; and

an evacuated envelope inside of which the anode structure and the field emission cathode are arranged.

11. The field emission arrangement of claim 10 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of nanostructures have a shape of polygonal or circular cylinders, having a diameter between 5-500 nanometers and a length up to 500 nanometers.

12. The field emission arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein the anode structure is at least partly covered by a phosphor layer and the anode structure comprises a thermally conductive material having a reflective coating.

13. The field emission arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein the anode structure is configured to receive electrons emitted by the field emission cathode when a voltage is applied between the anode structure and field emission cathode and to reflect light generated by the phosphor layer out from the evacuated envelope.

14. The field emission arrangement according to claim 10 , further comprising a power supply connected to the field emission cathode and the anode structure and configured to provide a drive signal for powering the field emission arrangement, the drive signal having a first frequency, wherein the first frequency is selected to be within a range corresponding to a half power width at resonance of the field emission arrangement.

15. The field emission arrangement according to claim 10 , wherein the field emission arrangement is comprised in at least one of a field emission light source, a field emission display, and an X-ray source.

16. The field emission arrangement of claim 10 , wherein the base structure comprises at least one of a wire, a grid, and a perforated or solid thin sheet.

17. The field emission arrangement of claim 10 , wherein the micrometer sized sections are distributed with a distance exceeding an average diameter of the plurality of micrometer sized sections.

18. The field emission arrangement of claim 10 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections have a shape of polygonal or circular cylinders, having a diameter between 5-500 micrometers and a length up to 10 millimeters.

19. The field emission arrangement of claim 10 , wherein at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections comprises an electrically conducting or semiconducting, optically transparent or reflecting material.