Apparatus and method for tight bending thin glass sheets
An apparatus and methods for bending sheet glass are disclosed. The present invention improves on the state-of-the-art by providing apparatus and methods that prevent unwanted distortion of the glass sheet. The apparatus and methods utilize localized heating at the bend to allow for overall glass sheet temperatures to be reduced, along with optional mechanical devices for improved bend quality.
1. An apparatus for bending a glass sheet having a bending area and a non-bending area, comprising:
a. a support element;
b. an overall heating device;
c. a localized heating device that creates a localized heating area in the glass sheet bending area; and
d. a constraint device which contacts said glass sheet outside of and adjacent to the bending area, wherein the constraint device is in contact with, or applying force to, the non-bending part of the glass sheet at a point on the same side of the bend as the support element, and is capable of limiting unwanted distortions or deformations to the glass sheet as a result of the bending process.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said localized heating device comprises a device that heats said glass sheet by a method comprising conduction or radiation.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said localized heating device comprises a device that heats said glass sheet by a method comprising radiation.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said localized heating device comprises an infrared heater.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said localized heating device comprises a device that heats said glass sheet by a method comprising conduction.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said localized heating device comprises a conduction element.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein said conduction element comprises a metal, metal oxide, carbon compound, intermetallic compound, or ceramic.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said constraint device comprises a mechanically moveable device that contacts said glass sheet only while said glass sheet is being bent.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said constraint device comprises a fixed device that contacts said glass sheet at a point comprising an unwanted deformation only when said glass sheet unwantedly deforms outside the bend region.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said constraint device comprises a ceramic, glass ceramic, metal, or metal oxide.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said constraint device further comprises a heat sink.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a bending assistance device that applies a force to a non-bending area of the glass substrate at a point outside the localized heating area, wherein the bending assistance device provides additional control to the bending process.
13. A method of bending a glass sheet comprising:
a. providing the apparatus of claim 1 ;
b. providing an initial glass sheet;
c. positioning said initial glass sheet in said apparatus;
d. overall heating said initial glass sheet;
e. locally heating a section of said initial glass sheet;
f. applying a constraint device to said initial glass sheet; and
g. bending at least one part of said initial glass sheet.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said applying a constraint device to said initial glass sheet comprises applying said constraint device only while said initial glass sheet is being bent.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein said applying a constraint device to said initial glass sheet comprises application of a fixed device that contacts said glass sheet at a point comprising an unwanted deformation only when said glass sheet unwantedly deforms outside the bend region.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein said initial glass sheet comprises an ion exchangeable soda-lime silicate, alkali borosilicate, or alumina borosilicate glass sheet.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein said overall heating comprises heating said initial glass sheet to a temperature wherein the viscosity of the glass sheet is from about 10 10 to about 10 21 Poise.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein said locally heating comprises heating said section of said initial glass sheet to a temperature wherein the viscosity of the glass sheet is from about 10 7 to about 10 14 Poise.