Flotation devices for high pressure environments
A high pressure resistant flotation sphere includes a brittle fracture material macro-sphere of high elastic modulus and a shell of a low shear strength elastomeric material surrounding the macro-sphere. A high pressure resistant flotation material may be made of a plurality of macro-spheres embedded in syntactic foam or other matrix material, with each macro-sphere being encased in a shell of a low shear strength material that isolates each macro-sphere hydrostatically from the surrounding matrix.
1. A flotation device for use in high pressure deep ocean environments, comprising:
a high elastic modulus seamless brittle fracture ceramic material macro-sphere having a compressive strength to tensile strength ratio of approximately four or greater; and
a shell of a transparent low shear strength elastomeric material surrounding the macro-sphere to transfer compression stresses in an adjacent foam material substantially uniformly to the macro-sphere, the shell comprising two symmetrical cover boots collectively completely surrounding the macro-sphere, wherein each individual cover boot covers about three-quarters of the macro-sphere, and wherein one cover boot partially overlaps another cover boot on the macro-sphere.
2. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic is a technical ceramic having an alumina content of approximately 96 percent or higher.
3. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the macro-sphere comprises Al 2 O 3 .
4. The flotation sphere of claim 3 , wherein the macro-sphere comprises 99.9% or more by weight of Al 2 O 3 .
5. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the macro-sphere comprises a material having a modulus of elasticity of approximately 40,000,000 PSI or higher.
6. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the macro-sphere is formed by slip-casting so as to be seamless and substantially uniform in thickness.
7. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the macro-sphere is fired at a temperature of approximately 1400 degree Celsius or higher so as to have one or more high-fired ceramic material properties.
8. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the macro-sphere has a diameter of approximately 3.6 inches or more.
9. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of shell thickness to macro-sphere diameter is in the range of approximately 10:1 to 30:1.
10. The flotation device of claim 9 , wherein the ratio of shell thickness to macro-sphere diameter is approximately 20:1.
11. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises a synthetic rubber material.
12. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises a silicone rubber material.
13. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the cover boots are injection molded over the macro-sphere.
14. The flotation device of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises a material having a low shear strength with a hardness between about Shore A 0.2 to Shore A 99 hardness.