Methods and compounds regulating the erythroid response to iron deficiency
The present invention discloses the signaling pathway involved erythroid repression by iron deficiency. Further disclosed is anon-toxic small-molecule compound which potently reverses the erythroid repression caused by iron deficiency. The present invention further encompasses novel compounds for inhibition of red cell production, useful, for example, in the treatment of polycythemia vera, a malignancy causing uncontrolled red cell production. These inhibitory compounds also promote megakaryocytic lineage commitment and may therefore be useful for augmentation of platelet production. The present invention further discloses isocitrate reversal of iron deprivation.
1. A method of treating iron deficiency comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a composition free of iron contamination, wherein said composition comprises a therapeutically effective amount of isocitrate or a derivative thereof, and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, or excipient, wherein said derivative has the formula
R 1 is —OR 4 ; and
R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently H, Na, Me, Et, or tBu.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises erythropoietin.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the production of red blood cells is stimulated.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein megakaryopoiesis and platelet production is decreased.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said composition is administered daily.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration is intravenous.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration is intramuscular.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject has anemia of inflammation.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject has anemia of chronic kidney disease.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is elderly.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said method stimulates hemoglobin expression.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said derivative is selected from the group consisting of
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said derivative is the methyl ester of isocitrate (MIC):
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein said therapeutically effective amount is about 10 mg/kg/day.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said therapeutically effective amount is about 100 mg/kg/day to about 300 mg/kg/day.
16. The method of claim 1 , said therapeutically effective amount is selected from about 10 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kd/day, 300 mg/kg/day, 400 mg/kg/day, and 800 mg/kg/day.