Inorganic nanostructure-organic polymer heterostructures useful for thermoelectric devices
The present invention provides for an inorganic nanostructure-organic polymer heterostructure, useful as a thermoelectric composite material, comprising (a) an inorganic nanostructure, and (b) an electrically conductive organic polymer disposed on the inorganic nanostructure. Both the inorganic nanostructure and the electrically conductive organic polymer are solution-processable.
1. A device comprising:
a first layer, the first layer being a thermoelectric material having a thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of equal to or greater than about 0.1 at room temperature, the first layer comprising:
a plurality of inorganic nanostructures, the plurality of inorganic nanostructures having an average length of about 50 nanometers to 2000 nanometers, each nanostructure of the plurality of inorganic nanostructures having a ratio of a length to a radius of equal to or more than 2, each nanostructure of the plurality of nanostructures comprising a nanorod, nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures comprising tellurium; and
an organic polymer disposed on surfaces of each nanostructure of the plurality of inorganic nanostructures, the organic polymer being electrically conductive, the organic polymer being poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the organic polymer forming a layer about 2 nanometers thick on the surfaces of each nanostructure of the plurality of inorganic nanostructures;
a weight percentage of the organic polymer in the first layer being about 15% and a weight percentage of the plurality of inorganic nanostructures in the first layer being about 85%.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of inorganic nanostructures and the organic polymer are water-soluble or solution-processable.
3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer comprising the organic polymer.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein a thickness of the second layer is about 2 nanometers to 4 nanometers.
5. The device of claim 3 , wherein a thickness of the second layer is about 3 nanometers.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the organic polymer has an electrical conductivity equal to or greater than 1 S/cm.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the organic polymer has an electrical conductivity equal to or greater than 10 S/cm.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the organic polymer has an electrical conductivity equal to greater than 100 S/cm.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is fabricated using a process selected from a group consisting of printing, spray coating, drop-casting, and roll-to-roll processing.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a ZT of equal to or greater than about 0.2 at room temperature.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a ZT of equal to or greater than about 0.3 at room temperature.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a ZT of equal to or greater than about 0.8 at room temperature.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first layer has a ZT of equal to or greater than about 1.0 at room temperature.