AC coupled level shifter
View Patent ↗A level shifter includes first, second and third capacitively configured transistors, first and second switching transistors, and an inverting circuit. The first capacitively configured transistor has a first terminal that receives an input signal. Second and third capacitively configured transistor each have first terminal coupled to a second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor. The second capacitively configured transistor is coupled in series with a first switching transistor that is also coupled to a first power supply terminal. The third capacitively configured transistor is coupled in series with a second switching transistor that is also coupled to a second power supply terminal.
1. An AC coupled level shifter, comprising:
a first capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal for receiving an input signal from circuitry of a first voltage domain;
an inverting circuit including an input terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and including an output terminal, the inverting circuit being of a second voltage domain;
a second capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal;
a first switching transistor including a control electrode coupled to the output terminal of the inverting circuit, a first current electrode, and a second current electrode, wherein the first switching transistor and the second capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a first power supply terminal for providing a current path between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the first power supply terminal through the first and second current electrodes of the first switching transistor and the first and second terminals of the second capacitively configured transistor;
a third capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a second switching transistor including a control electrode coupled to the output terminal of the inverting circuit, a first current electrode, and a second current electrode, wherein the second switching transistor and the third capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a second power supply terminal for providing a current path between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the second power supply terminal through the first and second current electrodes of the second switching transistor and the first and second terminals of the third capacitively configured transistor.
2. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein the first switching transistor is a P channel transistor and the second switching transistor is an N channel transistor, the first power supply terminal is for receiving a higher voltage than the second power supply terminal.
3. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third capacitively configured transistors have a first gate dielectric thickness and the first switching transistor has a second gate dielectric thickness greater than the first gate dielectric thickness.
4. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising a fourth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal connected to the first terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor.
5. The level shifter of claim 4 , wherein the first terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor gate and the second terminal of the fourth capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor gate.
6. The level shifter of claim 5 , wherein the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor source, drain, and body and the first terminal of the fourth capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor source, drain, and body.
7. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third switching transistor coupled in series with the first switching transistor and the second capacitively configured transistor so that the third switching transistor, the first switching transistor, and the second capacitively configured transistor are coupled between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the first power supply terminal, wherein a control electrode of the third switching transistor is for receiving a first control signal;
a fourth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a fourth switching transistor, the fourth switching transistor and the fourth capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the first power supply terminal for providing a current path between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a first power supply terminal through the fourth switching transistor and the first and second terminals of the fourth capacitively configured transistor, wherein a control electrode of the fourth switching transistor is for receiving a second control signal.
8. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second inverting circuit including an input coupled to the output terminal of inverting circuit and including an output.
9. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein:
the second terminal of the second capacitively configured transistor is a transistor gate and the first terminal of the third capacitively configured transistor is a transistor gate.
10. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third switching transistor coupled in series with the first switching transistor so that the third switching transistor and the first switching transistor are coupled between the second terminal of the second capacitively configured transistor and the first power supply terminal, wherein a control electrode of the third switching transistor is for receiving a first control signal;
a fourth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a fourth switching transistor and a fifth switching transistor, the fourth switching transistor, the fifth switching transistor and the fourth capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the first power supply terminal for providing a current path between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a first power supply terminal through the fourth switching transistor, the fifth switching transistor, and the first and second terminals of the fourth capacitively configured transistor, wherein a control electrode of the fourth switching transistor is coupled to the output terminal of the inverting circuit and a control electrode of the fifth switching transistor is for receiving a second control signal.
11. The level shifter of claim 10 , further comprising:
a sixth switching transistor coupled in series with the second switching transistor so that the sixth switching transistor and the second switching transistor are coupled between the second terminal of the second capacitively configured transistor and the second power supply terminal, wherein a control electrode of the sixth switching transistor is for receiving a third control signal;
a fifth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a seventh switching transistor and an eighth switching transistor, the seventh switching transistor, the eighth switching transistor and the fifth capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the second power supply terminal for providing a current path between the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and a second power supply terminal through the seventh switching transistor, the eighth switching transistor, and the first and second terminals of the fifth capacitively configured transistor, wherein a control electrode of the seventh switching transistor is coupled to the output terminal of the inverting circuit and a control electrode of the eighth switching transistor is for receiving a fourth control signal.
12. An AC coupled level shifter, comprising:
a first capacitive element including a first terminal and a second terminal and comprising a first capacitively configured transistor, wherein the first terminal is for receiving a signal from circuitry of a first voltage domain;
an inverting circuit of a second voltage domain including an input and an output, wherein the input is coupled to the second terminal of the first capacitive element;
a second capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal, and a second terminal;
a first switching transistor including a control electrode coupled to the output of the inverting circuit, a first current electrode, and a second current electrode, wherein the first switching transistor and the second capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between a first power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element to provide a current path through the second capacitively configured transistor and the first switching transistor between the first power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element;
a third capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal; and
a second switching transistor including a control electrode coupled to the output of the inverting circuit, and including a first current electrode and a second current electrode, wherein the second switching transistor and the third capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between a second power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element to provide a current path through the third capacitively configured transistor and the second switching transistor between the second power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element.
13. The level shifter of claim 12 wherein a capacitance of the first capacitive element exceeds a capacitance of the second capacitively configured transistor and exceeds a capacitance of the third capacitively configured transistor.
14. The level shifter of claim 12 , wherein leakage current of the first capacitively configured transistor is greater than leakage current of the second capacitively configured transistor and leakage current of the third capacitively configured transistor.
15. The level shifter of claim 12 , wherein the first capacitive element further comprises a fourth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor and the second terminal is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor.
16. The level shifter of claim 15 , wherein:
the first terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor gate;
the second terminal of the first capacitively configured transistor comprises a source, drain, and body;
the first terminal of the fourth capacitively configured transistor comprises a source, drain, and body; and
the second terminal of the fourth capacitively configured transistor comprises a transistor gate.
17. The level shifter of claim 12 , further comprising:
a third switching transistor coupled in series with the first switching transistor and the second capacitively configured transistor, wherein a control electrode of the third switching transistor is for receiving a first control signal;
a fourth capacitively configured transistor including a first terminal and a second terminal;
a fourth switching transistor, wherein the fourth switching transistor and the fourth capacitively configured transistor are coupled in series between the first power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element to provide a current path through the fourth capacitively configured transistor and the fourth switching transistor between the first power supply terminal and the second terminal of the first capacitive element, a control electrode of the fourth switching transistor is for receiving a second control signal.
18. The level shifter of claim 12 , wherein the first and third capacitively configured transistor have a gate dielectric with a thickness less than a thickness of a gate dielectric of the first switching transistor.
19. A method of operating an AC coupled level shifter, comprising:
receiving from circuitry of a first voltage domain, an input signal with a first capacitively configured transistor having gate leakage;
providing the input signal to an input of an inverting circuit of a second voltage domain using the first capacitively configured transistor;
controlling a voltage on the input of the inverting circuit using gate leakage, wherein the step of using gate leakage comprises using:
a second capacitively configured transistor coupled to the input of the inverting circuit and selectively coupled to a first power supply terminal responsive to an output of the inverting circuit;
a third capacitively configured transistor coupled to the input of the inverting circuit and selectively coupled to a second power supply terminal responsive to the output of the inverting circuit; and
the first capacitively configured transistor.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the controlling the voltage further comprises using gate leakage from a fourth capacitively configured transistor connected in parallel with the first capacitively configured transistor.