Toner, development agent, and image forming apparatus using the same
A toner includes a binder resin, a coloring agent, and a releasing agent containing two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds having a different number of carbon atoms in a range of from 30 to 50 carbon atoms. The toner has a crystallinity of 10% or more as measured by x-ray diffraction and/or the binder resin is a crystalline resin in an amount of 50% by weight or more of the binder resin. The two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds include a component A accounting for the largest amount ranging from 30% by weight to less than 50% by weight of the releasing agent and a component B accounting for the second largest amount ranging from 10% by weight to less than 50% by weight of the releasing agent.
1. A toner comprising:
a binder resin;
a coloring agent; and
a releasing agent consisting of an ester wax, wherein the ester wax comprises two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds having a different number of carbon atoms in a range of from 30 to 50 carbon atoms,
the toner having a crystallinity of 10% or more as measured by x-ray diffraction and/or the binder resin comprising a crystalline resin in an amount of 50% by weight or more of the binder resin,
the two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds including a component A accounting for the largest amount ranging from 30% by weight to less than 50% by weight of the ester wax and a component B accounting for the second largest amount ranging from 10% by weight to less than 50% by weight of the ester wax.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein an absolute difference between the number of carbon atoms Na in the component A and the number of carbon atoms Nb in the component B ranges from 1 to 12.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the component A and the component B combined account for 90% by weight or more of the releasing agent.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds further comprises a component C having 30 to 50 carbon atoms different from those of the component A and the component B,
wherein the component A, the component B, and the component C combined account for 95% by weight of the releasing agent.
5. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the two or more kinds of alkyl monoester compounds are obtained by esterification reaction of a long chain aliphatic carboxylic acid component having 14 to 30 carbon atoms and a long chain aliphatic alcohol component having 16 to 36 carbon atoms.
6. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline resin has at least one of a urethane bonding and a urea bonding.
7. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline resin comprises a crystalline resin D and a crystalline resin E, which have different weight average molecular weights (Mw).
8. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein crystallinity ranges from 15% to 30%.
9. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline resin comprises a urethane-modified crystalline polyester resin obtained by elongation and cross-linking in reaction of a two or higher isocyanate compound and a polyester resin obtained by polycondensation of an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component.
10. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline resin comprises a block polymer of a polyester and a polyurethane.
11. A development agent comprising the toner of claim 1 .
12. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image bearing member;
a charger to charge a surface of the image bearing member;
an irradiator to irradiate the surface of the image bearing member with light to form a latent electrostatic image thereon;
a development device to develop the latent electrostatic image with the toner of claim 1 to obtain a visual image;
a transfer device to transfer the visual image to a recording medium; and
a fixing device to fix the visual image on the recording medium.