Base generator
The present invention provides a base generator having the structure of formula (1): wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and Y {circle around (−)} are defined as in the specification. The base generator of the present invention can be used for imidization of a polyimide precursor, promoting crosslinking of epoxy monomers, or crosslinking of polyurethane or polyurea.
1. A base generator having the structure of formula (1):
wherein
R 1 is H, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl,
and
R 2 is
wherein
R 6 is branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 8 alkoxy unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or —NR 10 R 11 , and
R 7 , R 8 , R 10 and R 11 are the same or different, and are each independently H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl, and
R 9 is H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl;
R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same or different, and are each independently H, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 cyanoalkyl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl; and
Y {circle around (−)} is an anionic group.
2. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl,
and
R 2 is
wherein R 6 is branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 8 alkoxy unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or —NR 10 R 11 ; and R 7 , R 8 , R 10 and R 11 are the same or different and are each independently H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl; and
R 9 is H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl.
3. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or selected from a group consisting of:
and
R 2 is
4. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is methyl, ethyl or selected from a group consisting of:
5. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl, hydroxypentyl, hydroxyhexyl, cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl, cyanopropyl, cyanobutyl, cyanopentyl, cyanohexyl, phenyl, benzyl or diphenylmethyl.
6. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same or different and are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl.
7. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein the anionic group is selected from a group consisting of halide ion, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, sulfonate, carbonate, tetrafluoborate, borate, chlorate, iodate, hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, trifluoroacetate, acetate, tert-butylcarbonate, (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − and tert-butyloxy.
8. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein the anionic group is a halide ion or tetrafluoroborate.
9. The base generator according to claim 1 , which is an optical base generator or a thermal base generator.
10. A base generator having the structure of formula (1):
wherein
R 1 is H, or linear or branched C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, and
R 2 is linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl,
wherein
R 7 and R 8 are the same or different, and are each independently H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl, and
R 9 is H, linear or branched C 1 -C 14 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl;
R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same or different, and are each independently H, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl, linear or branched C 1 -C 6 cyanoalkyl, or C 6 -C 14 aryl; and
Y {circle around (−)} is an anionic group.
11. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
12. The base generator according to claim 10 , wherein R 1 is linear or branched C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl.
13. The base generator according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 is linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl substituted with one or more C 6 -C 14 aryl,