Quiescent chamber hot gas igniter
An engine has an ignition source in a combustion chamber of the engine. An inner housing is provided that includes one or more jet apertures and defines an inner chamber containing the ignition source. An outer housing (or pre-chamber) is provided that includes one or more jet apertures in communication with the main combustion chamber and defines an outer chamber containing the inner housing.
1. An igniter plug for an internal combustion engine, the igniter plug comprising:
a plug body adapted to couple to the internal combustion engine;
an ignition source carried on the plug body;
an inner housing comprising a jet aperture through the inner housing and defining an inner chamber containing the ignition source;
an outer housing around the inner housing, the outer housing comprising a second jet aperture and defining an outer chamber containing the inner chamber, where the jet aperture of the inner housing extends between the inner chamber and the outer chamber and is configured to jet burning air-fuel mixture from the inner chamber into the outer chamber; and
a valve closure in the inner housing and moveable with respect to the jet aperture of the inner housing between sealing the inner chamber against flow through the jet aperture of the inner housing and allowing flow out of the inner chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing, where the valve closure comprises an aperture extending therethrough configured to communicate fluid into the inner chamber while the valve closure is sealing passage of fluid through the jet aperture of the inner housing.
2. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the ignition source comprises a surface heated to a combustion initiating temperature.
3. The igniter plug of claim 2 , where the surface comprises an interior facing surface of the inner housing and where the igniter plug further comprises an electric heating element carried by the inner housing.
4. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the valve closure is responsive to a signal to move to allow combusting air-fuel mixture to flow from the inner chamber to the outer chamber.
5. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the plug body is adapted to couple to a head of the internal combustion engine.
6. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the inner housing comprises a plurality of jet apertures and where the valve closure is moveable between sealing against and allowing flow through the jet apertures of the inner housing.
7. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the inner housing comprises an open end in the outer chamber.
8. The igniter plug of claim 1 , where the outer housing comprises a plurality of jet apertures.
9. The igniter plug of claim 1 , wherein the inner housing comprises an end open to an exterior of the inner housing, and where the outer housing comprises a continuous central jet tunnel coupled to the inner housing at the open end to communicate the open end with the exterior of the outer housing.
10. The igniter plug of claim 1 , wherein when the valve closure is positioned to allow flow out of the inner chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing, the aperture defining a portion of a flow passageway extending from the outer chamber into the inner chamber through the aperture and from the inner chamber into the outer chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing.
11. The igniter plug of claim 1 , wherein the inner chamber has no fuel injector inlet and is configured to receive fuel as air-fuel mixture through the aperture of the valve closure.
12. An igniter plug for an internal combustion engine, the igniter plug comprising:
a plug body adapted to couple to the internal combustion engine;
an ignition source carried on the plug body;
an inner housing comprising a jet aperture through the inner housing and defining an inner chamber containing the ignition source;
an outer housing around the inner housing, the outer housing comprising a second jet aperture and defining an outer chamber containing the inner chamber, where the jet aperture of the inner housing extends between the inner chamber and the outer chamber and is configured to jet burning air-fuel mixture from the inner chamber into the outer chamber; and
a valve closure in the inner housing and moveable with respect to the jet aperture of the inner housing between sealing the inner chamber against flow through the jet aperture of the inner housing and allowing flow out of the inner chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing, where the valve closure comprises an aperture extending therethrough configured to communicate fluid into the inner chamber while the valve closure is sealing passage of fluid through the jet aperture of the inner housing, and
where the inner housing is substantially elongate and has an open axial end, and the jet aperture of the inner housing is oriented substantially laterally.
13. The igniter plug of claim 12 , where a central jet tunnel of the outer housing is coupled to the inner housing at the open axial end to communicate the open axial end with the exterior of the outer housing.
14. The igniter plug of claim 13 , wherein when the valve closure is in position to allow flow out of the inner chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing, the aperture defining a portion on a flow passageway extending from the central jet tunnel into the inner chamber through the aperture and from the inner chamber into the outer chamber through the jet aperture of the inner housing.
15. The igniter plug of claim 12 , where the plug body defines a back wall of the outer chamber and where the jet aperture of the inner housing is adjacent to the back wall of the outer chamber.
16. The igniter plug of claim 12 , where the inner chamber is sized to retain combusting air-fuel mixture in a portion of the inner chamber sealed from the jet aperture of the inner housing by the valve closure until the valve closure is moved to allow flow through the jet aperture of the inner housing.
17. The igniter plug of claim 16 , where the outer chamber does not include the ignition source.
18. The igniter plug of claim 16 , where the inner chamber is sized to retain combusting air-fuel mixture from flowing out from the portion of the inner chamber through the aperture in the valve closure.
19. The igniter plug of claim 18 , where the inner chamber is configured to maintain air-fuel mixture therein relatively more quiescent than air-fuel mixture in the outer chamber.
20. An engine, comprising:
an ignition source;
an inner housing comprising a jet aperture through the inner housing and defining an inner chamber containing the ignition source;
an outer housing comprising a second jet aperture and defining an outer chamber containing the inner housing;
a valve closure moveable with respect to the jet aperture of the inner housing in response to a signal to seal or allow passage of fluid out of the inner housing through the jet aperture of the inner housing; and
an aperture through the valve closure to communicate fluid from a combustion chamber into the inner chamber while the valve closure is sealing passage of fluid through the jet aperture of the inner housing.
21. The engine of claim 20 , where the ignition source comprises a hot surface igniter; and
where ignition timing of the engine is controlled by operating the valve closure to grow a flame kernel in the inner chamber and release the flame kernel into the outer housing to grow and jet into the combustion chamber.
22. The engine of claim 20 , where the engine is configured such that, during operation of the engine with the valve closure sealing passage of fluid through the jet aperture of the inner housing, fluids in the inner chamber are relatively more quiescent than fluids in the outer chamber.
23. The engine of claim 22 , where the engine is configured such that, during operation of the engine with the valve closure sealing passage of fluid through the jet aperture of the inner housing, fluids in the outer chamber are relatively more quiescent than fluids in the combustion chamber.