Water Purification System
A water purification system disinfects incoming water by filtering the water before creating ozone from the water and directly into the water. After the water is disinfected by exposure to ozone, excess ozone is removed prior to providing the disinfected water to an end user. Some embodiments divide the incoming water into a divided water flow, and provide only one of the flows to the ozonating electrode. Some embodiments include a feedback network for controlling the system to produce purified water, and/or to maintain the purity of previously-purified water.
1 . A system for purifying water with ozone, comprising:
a water inlet for receiving unpurified water;
a pre-filter in fluid communication with the water inlet;
a variable-output ozonation cell comprising a control input, a cathode, and a doped diamond anode, and configured to create ozone from the water, the ozonation cell in fluid communication with the pre-filter;
a water reservoir configured to store ozonated water, the water reservoir in fluid communication with the ozonation cell;
an ozone removal chamber configured to receive ozonated water from the water reservoir, and configured remove ozone from the water;
a system outlet in fluid communication with the ozone removal chamber, and configured to output purified water, the water inlet, pre-filter, ozonation cell, water reservoir, ozone removal chamber, and system outlet defining a fluid path through the system;
a feedback circuit comprising:
an ozonation sensor coupled to the fluid path downstream from the ozonation cell, the ozonation sensor coupled to detect the level of ozone in the ozonated water;
a controller configured to receive ozone data from the ozone sensor, and configured to control the ozone production of the ozonation cell.
2 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the water reservoir further comprises:
a reservoir ozonation cell in fluid contact with the ozonated water and in electrical communication with the controller, and
a reservoir ozonation sensor configured to detect ozone levels in ozonated water within the reservoir, the reservoir ozonation sensor in electrical communication with the controller;
wherein the controller is configured to cause the reservoir ozonation cell to produce ozone from water within the reservoir when the reservoir ozonation sensor detects ozone levels within the ozonated water less than a pre-determined threshold.
3 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein:
the water reservoir further comprises a reservoir ozonation sensor configured to detect ozone levels in ozonated water within the reservoir, the reservoir ozonation sensor in electrical communication with the controller; and
the system further comprises a recirculation conduit configured to pass water from the water reservoir back to the ozonation cell;
wherein the controller is configured to recirculate water from the water reservoir to the ozonation cell via the recirculation conduit, and to cause the ozonation cell to re-ozonate said water, when the reservoir ozonation sensor detects ozone levels within the ozonated water less than a pre-determined threshold.
4 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , further comprising:
a water flow sensor coupled to the fluid path and configured to determine whether water is flowing along at least a portion of the fluid path; and
a reservoir ozonation cell in fluid contact with the ozonated water within the reservoir;
wherein the controller is configured to assess data from the water flow sensor and to cause the reservoir ozonation cell to produce ozone from water within the reservoir if no water has flowed past the water flow sensor during a pre-determined interval.
5 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , further comprising:
a water flow sensor coupled to the fluid path and configured to determine whether water is flowing along at least a portion of the fluid path; and
a recirculation conduit configured to pass water from the water reservoir back to the ozonation cell;
wherein the controller is configured to assess data from the water flow sensor and to recirculate water from the water reservoir to the ozonation cell via the recirculation conduit, and to cause the ozonation cell to re-ozonate said water, if no water has flowed past the water flow sensor during a pre-determined interval.
6 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the pre-filter comprises a carbon filter.
7 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the pre-filter comprises a stacked-type physical filter.
8 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , further comprising a reverse osmosis filter in the fluid path between the pre-filter and the ozonation cell.
9 . The system for purifying water of claim 8 , wherein
the variable-output ozonation cell further comprise a cell membrane fluidly isolating the anode from the cathode, and
the reverse osmosis filter has a first output and a second output fluidly isolated from the first output, the first output providing R.O. filtered water to an anode side of the variable-output ozonation cell, and the second output provides waste water to the cathode side of the variable-output ozonation cell, such that the waste water remains separate from ozonated water within the variable-output ozonation cell.
11 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the ozone removal chamber comprises a pressure-reducing nozzle configured to reduce the pressure in flowing water so as to cause ozone to outgas from the water and/or or to produce turbulence to destroy dissolved ozone.
12 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the ozone removal chamber comprises a pump.
13 . The system for purifying water of claim 1 , wherein the ozone removal chamber comprises a non-toxic ozone quenching chemical infusion element.
14 . A method of operating a water purification system, comprising:
passing water through at least one pre-filter;
passing the water through an ozonator downstream from the pre-filter;
capturing the water in a reservoir downstream from the ozonator;
determining whether to re-ozonate the water in the reservoir; and
re-ozonating the water in the reservoir.
15 . The method of operating a water purification system according to claim 14 , wherein monitoring the ozone level of the water in the reservoir comprises sensing the ozone level via an ozone sensor.
16 . The method of operating a water purification system according to claim 14 , wherein monitoring the ozone level of the water in the reservoir comprises monitoring water flow through the water purification system and determining whether the water flow is below a pre-determined threshold.
17 . The method of operating a water purification system according to claim 16 , wherein determining whether the water flow is below a pre-determined threshold comprises determining whether the water flow has been below the pre-determined threshold for a predetermined period of time.
18 . The method of operating a water purification system according to claim 14 , wherein re-ozonating the water in the reservoir comprises recirculating at least a portion of the water in the reservoir through the ozonator.
19 . The method of operating a water purification system according to claim 14 , wherein re-ozonating the water in the reservoir comprises providing ozone to the water in the reservoir via a reservoir ozonator within the reservoir.
20 . A system for purifying water with ozone, comprising:
a water inlet means for receiving unpurified water;
a pre-filter mean in fluid communication with the water inlet means;
a variable-output ozonation means comprising a control input and a doped diamond electrode, and configured to create ozone from the water, the ozonation means in fluid communication with the pre-filter;
a water reservoir means configured to store ozonated water, the water reservoir in fluid communication with the ozonation cell;
an ozone removal means configured to receive ozonated water from the water reservoir, and configured remove ozone from the water;
a system outlet means in fluid communication with the ozone removal chamber, and configured to output purified water, the water inlet means, pre-filter, ozonation means, water reservoir means, ozone removal means, and system outlet means defining a fluid path through the system;
a feedback means comprising:
an ozonation sensor coupled to the fluid path downstream from the ozonation means, the ozonation sensor coupled to detect the level of ozone in the ozonated water;
a controller means configured to receive ozone data from the ozone sensor, and configured to control the ozone production of the ozonation cell.