Micro-fiber arrays with tip coating and transfer method for preparing same
Present invention describes a patterned and coated micro- and nano-scale fibers elastomeric material for enhanced adhesion in wet or dry environments. A multi-step fabrication process including optical lithography, micromolding, polymer synthesis, dipping, stamping, and photopolymerization is described to produce uniform arrays of micron-scale fibers with mushroom-shaped tips coated with a thin layer of an intrinsically adhesive synthetic polymer, such as lightly crosslinked p(DMA-co-MEA).
1. A method to make micro-fiber arrays with tip coating having enhanced adhesion properties in wet and dry environments, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing an optimized p(DMA-co-MEA) precursor solution for a tip coating material;
preparing structural micropatterned arrays of fibers with geometric tips;
applying uniformly a volume of the tip coating material onto an uncoated surface to form a uniform tip coating layer on a coated surface;
bringing the geometric tips of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers in contact with the uniform tip coating layer of the coated surface;
retracting the geometric tips of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers from the uniform tip coating layer to form small droplets of uncured optimized p(DMA-co-MEA) precursor solution on a geometric tip of each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers;
placing the geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers onto a clean surface;
curing the small droplets of uncured optimized p(DMA-co-MEA) precursor solution on the geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers to form cured geometric tips; and
peeling the geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers from the clean surface after the geometric tips have cured.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing comprises the step of photopolymerizing.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers is made of a polyurethane having a Modulus of Elasticity (E) ranging from about 6 to about 60 MPa to reduce the number of fibers of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers that collapse and stick together during material fabrication.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers is made of a polyurethane having a Modulus of Elasticity (E) of about 9.8 MPa.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the optimized p(DMA-co-MEA) precursor solution for the tip coating material comprises mucoadhesive materials.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the optimized p(DMA-co-MEA) precursor solution for the tip coating material comprises magnetic micro and/or nano particles.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cured geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers has a hardness between about Shore A 1 and about Shore A 90.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cured geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers has a layer of tip coating material less than 1 μm in thickness.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cured geometric tip of the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers has a layer of tip coating material up to 10 μm in thickness.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of applying uniformly a volume of the tip coating material onto the uncoated surface is by Spin Coating.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of applying uniformly a volume of the tip coating material onto the uncoated surface is by Knife Coating.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of applying uniformly a volume of the tip coating material onto the uncoated surface is by deposition spray.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of applying uniformly a volume of the tip coating material onto the uncoated surface is selected from the group consisting of gravure coating, reverse roll coating, slot die (extrusion) coating, immersion (dip) coating, curtain coating, and air knife coating.
14. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of photopolymerizing comprises the step of exposing the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers with ultraviolet light to initiate polymerization of the tip coating material.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing comprises the step of exposing the tip coating material to heat, wherein the tip coating material comprises a thermoset.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing comprises the step of evaporating solvent of the tip coating material.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of preparing the array of structural micropatterned arrays of fibers is selected from the group consisting of photolithography, interference lithography, micromolding, deep reactive ion etching, hot embossing, fiber drawing, and directed self assembly.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the geometric tips are unmodified.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the geometric tips are modified.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers are selected from a group consisting of fibers with mushroom shaped tips, cylindrical fibers, fibers with spatula-shaped tips, film-terminated fiber arrays, angled fibers, fibers with angled tips, porous or cleaved geometries which demonstrate crack-trapping for enhanced adhesion, and crack trapping geometry that demonstrates enhanced adhesion.
21. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the each fiber of the structural micropatterned arrays of fibers comprises a diameter ranging from about 0.2 nm to about 1 mm and a height ranging from about 1 nm to about 1 mm.