Gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring method and apparatus
The present invention relates generally to the field of gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring and a system for accomplishing same to monitor one or more aspects of various isotope production processes. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a monitoring system, and method of utilizing same, for monitoring one or more aspects of an isotope production process where the monitoring system comprises: (A) at least one sample cell; (B) at least one measuring port; (C) at least one adjustable collimator device; (D) at least one shutter; and (E) at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer.
1. A gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system comprising:
(i) at least one sample cell located inside a hot cell that is connected to a medical isotope reactor;
(ii) at least one measuring port located in and through the hot cell and/or a hot cell wall, the measuring port forming at least one gamma ray window through the hot cell and/or a hot cell wall, where the measuring port has an inner gamma ray transparent plug located at the internal end thereof and an outer gamma ray transparent plug located at the external end thereof, wherein the inner and outer gamma ray transparent plugs serve to prevent the transport of volatile radioactive material out of the hot cell through the at least one measuring port;
(iii) at least one adjustable collimator device operably coupled to the at least one measuring port;
(iv) at least one shutter located outside of the hot cell and operatively coupled to the outer end of the measuring port; and
(v) at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer operably coupled to the hot cell and positioned in such a manner that gamma rays from the hot cell are supplied to the at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer through at least one opening in the shutter that is transparent to gamma rays.
2. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the outer transparent plug is formed from a polymethyl methacrylate resin.
3. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein either one or both of the inner and/or outer transparent plug are formed from a metal or metal alloy material.
4. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one adjustable collimator device is formed of tungsten, a tungsten-containing alloy, lead, or a lead-containing alloy.
5. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one shutter is a three-position shutter and is formed of tungsten, a tungsten-containing alloy, lead, or a lead-containing alloy.
6. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer is a Compton Compensating Detector formed from a combination of high purity germanium crystal (HPGe) surrounded by a large secondary detector crystal.
7. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal selected from iron, beryllium, aluminum, tin, copper, nickel, titanium, or zirconium.
8. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal alloy selected from steel, stainless steel, iron-containing alloys, beryllium-containing alloys, aluminum-containing alloys, tin-containing alloys, copper-containing alloys, nickel-containing alloys, titanium-containing alloys, zirconium-containing alloys, brass alloys, or bronze alloys.
9. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal foil, metal alloy foil, or polymer material having a thickness in the range of about 1 micron to about 250 microns.
10. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal foil, metal alloy foil, or polymer material having a thickness in the range of about 2.5 micron to about 225 microns.
11. A gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system comprising:
(I) at least one sample cell located inside a hot cell that is connected to a nuclear reactor;
(II) at least one measuring port located in and through the hot cell and/or a hot cell wall, the measuring port forming at least one gamma ray window through the hot cell and/or a hot cell wall, where the measuring port has an inner gamma ray transparent plug located at the internal end thereof and an outer gamma ray transparent plug located at the external end thereof, wherein the inner and outer gamma ray transparent plugs serve to prevent the transport of volatile radioactive material out of the hot cell through the at least one measuring port;
(III) at least one adjustable collimator device operably coupled to the at least one measuring port;
(IV) at least one three-position shutter located outside of the hot cell and operatively coupled to the outer end of the measuring port; and
(V) at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer operably coupled to the hot cell and positioned in such a manner that gamma rays from the hot cell are supplied to the at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer through at least one opening in the shutter that is transparent to gamma rays.
12. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the outer transparent plug is formed from a polymethyl methacrylate resin.
13. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein either one or both of the inner and/or outer transparent plug are formed from a metal or metal alloy material.
14. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the at least one adjustable collimator device is formed of tungsten, a tungsten-containing alloy, lead, or a lead-containing alloy.
15. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the at least one three-position shutter is formed of tungsten, a tungsten-containing alloy, lead, or a lead-containing alloy.
16. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the at least one high resolution gamma ray spectrometer is a Compton Compensating Detector formed from a combination of high purity germanium crystal (HPGe) surrounded by a large secondary detector crystal.
17. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal selected from iron, beryllium, aluminum, tin, copper, nickel, titanium, or zirconium.
18. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal alloy selected from steel, stainless steel, iron-containing alloys, beryllium-containing alloys, aluminum-containing alloys, tin-containing alloys, copper-containing alloys, nickel-containing alloys, titanium-containing alloys, zirconium-containing alloys, brass alloys, or bronze alloys.
19. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal foil, metal alloy foil, or polymer material having a thickness in the range of about 1 micron to about 250 microns.
20. The gamma ray spectroscopy monitoring system of claim 11 , wherein the inner gamma ray transparent plug and the outer gamma ray transparent plug are each independently formed from a metal foil, metal alloy foil, or polymer material having a thickness in the range of about 2.5 micron to about 225 microns.