Horizontal high-pressure melamine reactor
A high-pressure melamine reactor is provided. The high-pressure melamine reactor comprising at least one horizontal reactor body having a bottom and a top side with at least one dome integrally formed on the top side of the reactor body. The at least one horizontal reactor body comprises at least two compartments separated by at least one baffle, in particular an overflow baffle. The at least one dome is solely located above at least one of the compartments serving as melamine synthesis unit, wherein the at least one compartment serving as melamine synthesis unit comprises at least one heating element.
1. A high-pressure melamine reactor comprising:
at least one horizontal reactor body having a bottom and a top side with at least one dome integrally formed on the top side of the reactor body, wherein
the at least one horizontal reactor body comprises at least two compartments separated by at least one baffle,
the at least one dome is solely located above at least one of the compartments serving as a melamine synthesis unit,
the at least one compartment serving as a melamine synthesis unit comprises at least one heating element, and
the at least one dome comprises at least one inlet for urea melt, at least one outlet for offgas and at least one heat exchanger.
2. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one dome serves as a scrubber unit.
3. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein a second of the compartments serves as a stripping unit.
4. The reactor according claim 1 , wherein the dimensions of the dome correspond to the dimensions of the compartment serving as the melamine synthesis unit such that the dome covers fully or at least partially said compartment.
5. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the dome has a diameter between 1 m and 5 m, or between 1 m and 3 m, or between 1 m and 2 m.
6. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one dome has a height between 1 and 10 m, or between 3 and 8 m, or between 4 and 6 m.
7. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein a second of the least two compartments serves as stripping unit and comprises at least one inlet for gaseous ammonia and at least one outlet for melamine melt.
8. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one compartment serving as melamine synthesis unit comprises at least one half of the volume of the horizontal reactor and a second compartment serving as stripping unit comprises up to one half of the volume of the horizontal reactor.
9. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the at least one baffle is at least one third of the reactor body height.
10. A process for obtaining melamine from urea at high pressure in a reactor according to claim 1 comprising the steps of:
feeding liquid urea into the at least one dome of the reactor,
heating the liquid urea in the at least one compartment of the reactor,
separating the offgases from thus obtained melamine melt by releasing the offgases through the at least one dome
transferring the melamine melt obtained in the at least one compartment over the at least one baffle into at least one second compartment of the reactor;
feeding gaseous ammonia into the at least one second compartment of the reactor, and
releasing the thus stripped melamine melt from the at least one second compartment.
11. The process according to claim 10 , wherein a temperature in the reactor is between 330 and 450° C. and a pressure is between 5 and 20 MPa.
12. The process according to claim 10 , wherein a temperature of the gaseous ammonia feed into the second compartment of the reactor is above 330° C.