Bio-electrochemical system for treating wastewater
The invention relates to bio-electrochemical systems for treating wastewater, and sour gas produced by anaerobic digestion of organic material. The invention further relates to novel anode/cathode pairing schemes, and electric and hydraulic architectures for use in bio-electrochemical systems.
1. A bio-electrochemical apparatus for treating wastewater, comprising:
a fully enclosed anaerobic reaction chamber comprising two or more anode/cathode pairs disposed therein and arranged in substantial proximity, each anode/cathode pair comprising at least one anode and at least one cathode where at least one anode is in proximity to a methanogenic microbe; and
at least one power source configured to apply a voltage to the anode/cathode pair;
wherein said two or more anode/cathode pairs are arranged in vertical succession; and
wherein said anaerobic reaction chamber is configured to allow the wastewater or a gas to flow upwards to the anode, and the cathode, in each of the anode/cathode pairs; and
wherein a surface area ratio of each cathode: anode in a pair is 1:5 to 5:1 and the distance between the anode/cathode pairs is approximately 0.01 cm to 1 cm.
2. The bio-electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one power source is configured to apply the same voltage to said two or more anode/cathode pairs.
3. The bio-electrochemical system of claim 1 , wherein said anode/cathode pair is configured to enable gas to flow up the chamber and past the two or more anode/cathode pairs.
4. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said two or more anode/cathode pairs are arranged in vertical succession on a support rack.
5. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said anode and said cathode are comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of: biochar, graphite granules, stainless steel, wire mesh, carbon mesh, carbon cloth, carbon fiber, carbon felt, carbon granules, conductive paint, and a coating comprised of carbon in binder.
6. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said anode is comprised of carbon mesh, carbon cloth, carbon fiber, or carbon felt, and said cathode is comprised of stainless steel.
7. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said anode or said cathode is comprised of two or more materials.
8. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 7 , wherein said anode or cathode is comprised of a combination of stainless steel and carbon mesh, carbon cloth, carbon fiber, carbon felt, or carbon in a binder, or a combination of wire mesh and carbon mesh, carbon cloth, carbon fiber, carbon felt, conductive paint, or a coating comprised of carbon in a binder.
9. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said anode and cathode are separated by a porous, insulating layer.
10. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 9 , wherein said porous, insulating layer comprises a plastic material.
11. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 9 , wherein said porous, insulating layer is a support structure on which said cathode is disposed.
12. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the anode and cathode are a conductive paint applied to either side of said porous, insulating layer.
13. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 4 , wherein said support rack comprises one or more conductive substances electrically connected to each of said anode/cathode pairs and the at least one power source.
14. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 13 , wherein said voltage is applied to the at least one anode and the at least one cathode in said two or more anode/cathode pairs through said support rack.
15. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the anodes and cathodes comprise a stainless steel mesh coated with an activated carbon/binder mixture.
16. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the anode/cathode pairs are curved.
17. The bio-electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an angled solid dividing layer.