Porous glass and optical member
The present invention provides a porous glass having excellent antireflection performance for visible light. A porous glass includes a porous layer which is mainly composed of silica and which has pores attributed to spinodal phase separation and pores attributed to binodal phase separation.
1. A porous glass comprising:
a porous layer including silica, and
a matrix layer,
wherein the porous layer is provided on the matrix layer,
wherein pores attributed to spinodal phase separation and pores attributed to binodal phase separation are formed in the porous layer, and
in the porous layer, the proportion of pores attributed to spinodal phase separation with respect to the proportion of pores attributed to binodal phase separation is reduced with increasing distance from a surface toward the inside of the porous layer,
wherein in the porous layer, the proportion of the pores attributed to spinodal phase separation with respect to the proportion of the pores attributed to binodal phase separation is reduced with increasing distance from a surface of the porous layer toward the matrix layer,
wherein the matrix layer contains silicon oxide, boron oxide and an alkali metal oxide, and
wherein an average pore size of the porous glass is in the range of 0.001 micrometers to 1 micrometer.
2. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein the porous glass has a thickness of 500 micrometers to 2000 micrometers, and
the porous layer has a thickness of 0.01 micrometers to 100 micrometers.
3. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein the porous glass contains silicon oxide, boron oxide, and an alkali metal oxide.
4. The porous glass according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a base,
wherein the porous layer is provided on the base.
5. An optical member comprising:
the porous glass according to claim 1 .
6. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein pores attributed to spinodal phase separation are formed in the matrix layer.
7. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein in cross-section of the porous layer, a shape of a pore attributed to spinodal phase separation is arcuate.
8. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein in cross-section of the porous layer, a shape of a pore attributed to spinodal phase separation is elliptic.
9. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein in cross-section of the porous layer, a shape of a pore attributed to binodal phase separation is substantially spherical.
10. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein the pores attributed to binodal phase separation are connected to each other through a tubular pore having a pore size smaller than those of the pores attributed to binodal phase separation.
11. The porous glass according to claim 1 ,
wherein a pore attributed to binodal phase separation is connected to a pore attributed to spinodal phase separation through a tubular pore having a pore size smaller than that of the pore attributed to binodal phase separation.
12. An image pick-up system comprising the optical member according to claim 5 .
13. A projection system comprising the optical member according to claim 5 .
14. A scanning optical system comprising the optical member according to claim 5 .
15. A display apparatuses comprising the optical member according to claim 5 .