Solids passivation
View Patent ↗The invention pertains to a method of passivating direct process solids and to passivated and quenched compositions resulting from said method. The method of passivating direct process solids according to the invention comprises combining direct process solids with a passivating composition comprising clay, base, and water. The passivated composition of the invention comprises direct process solids and a passivating composition comprising clay, base, and water. The quenched composition of the invention comprises the passivated composition, wherein the passivated composition has been held for a sufficient period of time for the reactive species from the direct process solids to be substantially quenched and/or oxidized.
1. A method of forming a passivated composition, comprising:
combining direct process solids and a passivating composition comprising a clay, water, and a base; where the clay is a hydrated alumino silicate, where the passivating composition contains ≧0.04 equivalents of base per 100 grams of direct process solids, the clay and base are present in amounts such that a sum of a ratio of equivalents of base per 100 g direct process solids plus a ratio of clay to direct process solids is ≧0.35, and the passivated composition comprises at least 60 weight % direct process solids, where the passivated composition formed by the method is non-self-heating.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base is combined at ≧0.05 equivalents per 100 grams of the direct process solids.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the clay is selected from bentonite, kaolin, or diatomite.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the clay is bentonite.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the clay and the direct process solids are combined in a ratio and wherein said ratio is of the clay to the direct process solids and said ratio is ≧0.01:1.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water is from 10 weight % to 40 weight.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the water is from 15 weight % to 35 weight %.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base is alkali oxide, alkali hydroxide, alkali earth oxide, alkali earth hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, alkali silicates, alkali earth silicates, alkali borates, or alkali earth borates.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the base is lime.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the lime is combined as an aqueous slurry.
11. A process of forming a quenched composition, comprising:
forming a passivated composition according to the process of claim 1 , and
holding the passivated composition at ambient temperature until the direct process solids are quenched.